Irregular heart rhythms
| Irregular heart rhythms |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
- Patients with a conscious, unpleasant awareness of their heartbeat.
Differential Diagnosis
In alphabetical order. [1] [2]
- Atrial fibrillation
- Atrial flutter with variable block
- Bradyarrhythmias
- Extrasystoles
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
- Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
- Premature atrial contractions
- Premature ventricular contractions
- Sinus arrhythmia
- Wandering atrial pacemaker
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Laboratory Findings
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Calcium
- Pulse oximetry
- Arterial blood gases (ABG)
- Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) / creatinine
- Cardiac enzymes
- Toxicology screen
- Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies
Electrocardiogram
- ECG with rhythm strip
Chest X Ray
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
- Echocardiogram may be necessary
- Transesophageal echocardiography more sensitive than transthoracic echocardiography
Treatment
- Administration of supplemental oxygen
- Hemodynamic stability
- Cardioversion
- Radiofrequency ablation
Acute Pharmacotherapies
References
See Also