Rectus sheath hematoma

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Rectus sheath hematoma
eMedicine emerg/943 

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]


A rectus sheath hematoma is an accumulation of blood in the sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle. It causes a painful abdominal mass. The hematoma may be caused by either rupture of one of the epigastric arteries or by a muscular tear. Causes of this include anticoagulation, coughing, pregnancy, abdominal surgery and trauma. Most hematomas resolve without treatment, but they may take several months to resolve.

A rectus sheath hematoma can develop following an intramuscular (IM) injection with an antithrombotic agent such as enoxaparin.

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