Down syndrome epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
The incidence of Down syndrome is estimated at 1 per 800 to 1 per 1000 births.[1] In 2006, the Center for Disease Control estimated the rate as 1 per 733 live births in the United States (5429 new cases per year).[2] Approximately 95% of these are trisomy 21. Down syndrome occurs in all ethnic groups and among all economic classes.
Maternal age influences the chances of conceiving a baby with Down syndrome. At maternal age 20 to 24, the probability is 1/1490; at age 40 the probability is 1/60, and at age 49 the probability is 1/11.[3] Although the probability increases with maternal age, 80% of children with Down syndrome are born to women under the age of 35,[4] reflecting the overall fertility of that age group. Recent data also suggest that paternal age also increases the risk of Down Syndrome manifesting in pregnancies in older mothers.[5]
References
- ↑ Based on estimates by National Institute of Child Health & Human Development "Down syndrome rates". Retrieved 2006-06-21.
- ↑ Center for Disease Control (6 January 2006). "Improved National Prevalence Estimates for 18 Selected Major Birth Defects, United States, 1999–2001". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 54 (51 & 52): 1301–1305. Check date values in:
|date=(help) - ↑ Hook, E.B. (1981). "Rates of chromosomal abnormalities at different maternal ages". Obstet Gynecol. 58: 282. PMID 6455611
- ↑ Estimate from "National Down Syndrome Center". Retrieved 2006-04-21.
- ↑ Warner, Jennifer. "Dad's Age Raises Down Syndrome Risk, Too", "WebMD Medical News". Retrieved 2007-09-29.