PCK1

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (soluble)
File:PBB Protein PCK1 image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1khb.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1khb​, 1khe​, 1khf​, 1khg​, 1m51​, 1nhx​, 2gmv​
Identifiers
Symbols	PCK1 ; MGC22652; PEPCK1; PEPCKC
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 1944
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE PCK1 208383 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (soluble), also known as PCK1, is a human gene.

This gene is a main control point for the regulation of gluconeogenesis. The cytosolic enzyme encoded by this gene, along with GTP, catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from oxaloacetate, with the release of carbon dioxide and GDP. The expression of this gene can be regulated by insulin, glucocorticoids, glucagon, cAMP, and diet. A mitochondrial isozyme of the encoded protein also has been characterized.

Further reading

• Beale EG, Hammer RE, Antoine B, Forest C (2004). "Disregulated glyceroneogenesis: PCK1 as a candidate diabetes and obesity gene". Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 15 (3): 129–35. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2004.02.006. PMID 15046742.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pilz AJ, Willer E, Povey S, Abbott CM (1993). "The genes coding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1 (PCK1) and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit (CHRNA4) map to human chromosome 20, extending the known region of homology with mouse chromosome 2". Ann. Hum. Genet. 56 (Pt 4): 289–93. PMID 1492743.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Giralt M, Park EA, Gurney AL; et al. (1991). "Identification of a thyroid hormone response element in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) gene. Evidence for synergistic interaction between thyroid hormone and cAMP cis-regulatory elements". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (32): 21991–6. PMID 1657985.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Beale EG, Chrapkiewicz NB, Scoble HA; et al. (1985). "Rat hepatic cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP). Structures of the protein, messenger RNA, and gene". J. Biol. Chem. 260 (19): 10748–60. PMID 2993287.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ting CN, Burgess DL, Chamberlain JS; et al. (1993). "Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP): characterization of the human PCK1 gene and localization distal to MODY on chromosome 20". Genomics. 16 (3): 698–706. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1250. PMID 8325643.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yu H, Thun R, Chandrasekharappa S; et al. (1993). "Human PCK1 encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is located on chromosome 20q13.2". Genomics. 15 (1): 219–21. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1040. PMID 8432541.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Stoffel M, Xiang KS, Espinosa R; et al. (1993). "cDNA sequence and localization of polymorphic human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene (PCK1) to chromosome 20, band q13.31: PCK1 is not tightly linked to maturity-onset diabetes of the young". Hum. Mol. Genet. 2 (1): 1–4. PMID 8490617.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• O'Brien RM, Printz RL, Halmi N; et al. (1996). "Structural and functional analysis of the human phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1264 (3): 284–8. PMID 8547315.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Parissi V, Calmels C, De Soultrait VR; et al. (2001). "Functional interactions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase with human and yeast HSP60". J. Virol. 75 (23): 11344–53. doi:10.1128/JVI.75.23.11344-11353.2001. PMID 11689615.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J; et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature. 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dunten P, Belunis C, Crowther R; et al. (2002). "Crystal structure of human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase reveals a new GTP-binding site". J. Mol. Biol. 316 (2): 257–64. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5364. PMID 11851336.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Jurado LA, Song S, Roesler WJ, Park EA (2002). "Conserved amino acids within CCAAT enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP(alpha) and beta) regulate phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (31): 27606–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201429200. PMID 11997389.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wilson HL, McFie PJ, Roesler WJ (2003). "Different transcription factor binding arrays modulate the cAMP responsivity of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (46): 43895–902. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203169200. PMID 12237288.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Borgius LJ, Steffensen KR, Gustafsson JA, Treuter E (2003). "Glucocorticoid signaling is perturbed by the atypical orphan receptor and corepressor SHP". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (51): 49761–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205641200. PMID 12324453.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Chakravarty K, Wu SY, Chiang CM; et al. (2004). "SREBP-1c and Sp1 interact to regulate transcription of the gene for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) in the liver". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (15): 15385–95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309905200. PMID 14744869.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Cao H, van der Veer E, Ban MR; et al. (2004). "Promoter polymorphism in PCK1 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 (2): 898–903. PMID 14764811.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hajarnis S, Schroeder JM, Curthoys NP (2005). "3'-Untranslated region of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA contains multiple instability elements that bind AUF1". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (31): 28272–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M501204200. PMID 15951444.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)