PSMD2
| Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 2 | |||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||
| Symbols | PSMD2 ; MGC14274; P97; S2; TRAP2 | ||||||||||
| External IDs | Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 2101 | ||||||||||
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| File:PBB GE PSMD2 200830 at tn.png | |||||||||||
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| Template:GNF Ortholog box | |||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||
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| RefSeq (mRNA) | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
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Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 2, also known as PSMD2, is a human gene.[1]
The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the non-ATPase subunits of the 19S regulator lid. In addition to participation in proteasome function, this subunit may also participate in the TNF signalling pathway since it interacts with the tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 1.[1]
References
Further reading
- Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL (1996). "Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 65: 801–47. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101. PMID 8811196.
- Goff SP (2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281–3. PMID 12914693.
- Boldin MP, Mett IL, Wallach D (1995). "A protein related to a proteasomal subunit binds to the intracellular domain of the p55 TNF receptor upstream to its 'death domain'". FEBS Lett. 367 (1): 39–44. PMID 7601280.
- Song HY, Donner DB (1995). "Association of a RING finger protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the human type-2 tumour necrosis factor receptor". Biochem. J. 309 ( Pt 3): 825–9. PMID 7639698.
- Tsurumi C, Shimizu Y, Saeki M; et al. (1996). "cDNA cloning and functional analysis of the p97 subunit of the 26S proteasome, a polypeptide identical to the type-1 tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor-associated protein-2/55.11". Eur. J. Biochem. 239 (3): 912–21. PMID 8774743.
- Seeger M, Ferrell K, Frank R, Dubiel W (1997). "HIV-1 tat inhibits the 20 S proteasome and its 11 S regulator-mediated activation". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (13): 8145–8. PMID 9079628.
- Dunbar JD, Song HY, Guo D; et al. (1997). "Two-hybrid cloning of a gene encoding TNF receptor-associated protein 2, a protein that interacts with the intracellular domain of the type 1 TNF receptor: identity with subunit 2 of the 26S protease". J. Immunol. 158 (9): 4252–9. PMID 9126987.
- Madani N, Kabat D (1998). "An endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphocytes is overcome by the viral Vif protein". J. Virol. 72 (12): 10251–5. PMID 9811770.
- Simon JH, Gaddis NC, Fouchier RA, Malim MH (1998). "Evidence for a newly discovered cellular anti-HIV-1 phenotype". Nat. Med. 4 (12): 1397–400. doi:10.1038/3987. PMID 9846577.
- Gorbea C, Taillandier D, Rechsteiner M (2000). "Mapping subunit contacts in the regulatory complex of the 26 S proteasome. S2 and S5b form a tetramer with ATPase subunits S4 and S7". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2): 875–82. PMID 10625621.
- Mulder LC, Muesing MA (2000). "Degradation of HIV-1 integrase by the N-end rule pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (38): 29749–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004670200. PMID 10893419.
- You J, Pickart CM (2001). "A HECT domain E3 enzyme assembles novel polyubiquitin chains". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (23): 19871–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100034200. PMID 11278995.
- Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH (2002). "Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein". Nature. 418 (6898): 646–50. doi:10.1038/nature00939. PMID 12167863.
- Huang X, Seifert U, Salzmann U; et al. (2002). "The RTP site shared by the HIV-1 Tat protein and the 11S regulator subunit alpha is crucial for their effects on proteasome function including antigen processing". J. Mol. Biol. 323 (4): 771–82. PMID 12419264.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
- You J, Wang M, Aoki T; et al. (2003). "Proteolytic targeting of transcriptional regulator TIP120B by a HECT domain E3 ligase". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (26): 23369–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212887200. PMID 12692129.
- Gaddis NC, Chertova E, Sheehy AM; et al. (2003). "Comprehensive investigation of the molecular defect in vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions". J. Virol. 77 (10): 5810–20. PMID 12719574.
- Lecossier D, Bouchonnet F, Clavel F, Hance AJ (2003). "Hypermutation of HIV-1 DNA in the absence of the Vif protein". Science. 300 (5622): 1112. doi:10.1126/science.1083338. PMID 12750511.
- Zhang H, Yang B, Pomerantz RJ; et al. (2003). "The cytidine deaminase CEM15 induces hypermutation in newly synthesized HIV-1 DNA". Nature. 424 (6944): 94–8. doi:10.1038/nature01707. PMID 12808465.
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