Uracil-DNA glycosylase

Uracil-DNA glycosylase
File:PBB Protein UNG image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1akz.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1akz​, 1emh​, 1emj​, 1q3f​, 1ssp​, 1ugh​, 1yuo​, 2hxm​, 2ssp​, 4skn​
Identifiers
Symbols	UNG ; DGU; DKFZp781L1143; HIGM4; UDG; UNG1; UNG15
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 6585
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE UNG 202330 s at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Uracil-DNA glycosylase, also known as UNG, is a human gene.

This gene encodes one of several uracil-DNA glycosylases. One important function of uracil-DNA glycosylases is to prevent mutagenesis by eliminating uracil from DNA molecules by cleaving the N-glycosylic bond and initiating the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. Uracil bases occur from cytosine deamination or misincorporation of dUMP residues. Alternative promoter usage and splicing of this gene leads to two different isoforms: the mitochondrial UNG1 and the nuclear UNG2.

Further reading

• Caradonna S, Muller-Weeks S (2002). "The nature of enzymes involved in uracil-DNA repair: isoform characteristics of proteins responsible for nuclear and mitochondrial genomic integrity". Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 2 (4): 335–47. PMID 12369930.
• Kino T, Pavlakis GN (2004). "Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 193–205. doi:10.1089/104454904773819789. PMID 15142377.
• Van Maele B, Debyser Z (2005). "HIV-1 integration: an interplay between HIV-1 integrase, cellular and viral proteins". AIDS reviews. 7 (1): 26–43. PMID 15875659.
• Slupphaug G, Olsen LC, Helland D; et al. (1991). "Cell cycle regulation and in vitro hybrid arrest analysis of the major human uracil-DNA glycosylase". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (19): 5131–7. PMID 1923798.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Muller SJ, Caradonna S (1991). "Isolation and characterization of a human cDNA encoding uracil-DNA glycosylase". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1088 (2): 197–207. PMID 2001396.
• Olsen LC, Aasland R, Wittwer CU; et al. (1990). "Molecular cloning of human uracil-DNA glycosylase, a highly conserved DNA repair enzyme". EMBO J. 8 (10): 3121–5. PMID 2555154.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nagelhus TA, Slupphaug G, Lindmo T, Krokan HE (1995). "Cell cycle regulation and subcellular localization of the major human uracil-DNA glycosylase". Exp. Cell Res. 220 (2): 292–7. doi:10.1006/excr.1995.1318. PMID 7556436.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Mol CD, Arvai AS, Sanderson RJ; et al. (1995). "Crystal structure of human uracil-DNA glycosylase in complex with a protein inhibitor: protein mimicry of DNA". Cell. 82 (5): 701–8. PMID 7671300.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Mol CD, Arvai AS, Slupphaug G; et al. (1995). "Crystal structure and mutational analysis of human uracil-DNA glycosylase: structural basis for specificity and catalysis". Cell. 80 (6): 869–78. PMID 7697717.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Haug T, Skorpen F, Lund H, Krokan HE (1994). "Structure of the gene for human uracil-DNA glycosylase and analysis of the promoter function". FEBS Lett. 353 (2): 180–4. PMID 7926048.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Slupphaug G, Markussen FH, Olsen LC; et al. (1993). "Nuclear and mitochondrial forms of human uracil-DNA glycosylase are encoded by the same gene". Nucleic Acids Res. 21 (11): 2579–84. PMID 8332455.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bouhamdan M, Benichou S, Rey F; et al. (1996). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr protein binds to the uracil DNA glycosylase DNA repair enzyme". J. Virol. 70 (2): 697–704. PMID 8551605.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kavli B, Slupphaug G, Mol CD; et al. (1996). "Excision of cytosine and thymine from DNA by mutants of human uracil-DNA glycosylase". EMBO J. 15 (13): 3442–7. PMID 8670846.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Haug T, Skorpen F, Kvaløy K; et al. (1997). "Human uracil-DNA glycosylase gene: sequence organization, methylation pattern, and mapping to chromosome 12q23-q24.1". Genomics. 36 (3): 408–16. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0485. PMID 8884263.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Slupphaug G, Mol CD, Kavli B; et al. (1996). "A nucleotide-flipping mechanism from the structure of human uracil-DNA glycosylase bound to DNA". Nature. 384 (6604): 87–92. doi:10.1038/384087a0. PMID 8900285.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nilsen H, Otterlei M, Haug T; et al. (1997). "Nuclear and mitochondrial uracil-DNA glycosylases are generated by alternative splicing and transcription from different positions in the UNG gene". Nucleic Acids Res. 25 (4): 750–5. PMID 9016624.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nagelhus TA, Haug T, Singh KK; et al. (1997). "A sequence in the N-terminal region of human uracil-DNA glycosylase with homology to XPA interacts with the C-terminal part of the 34-kDa subunit of replication protein A.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (10): 6561–6. PMID 9045683.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Selig L, Benichou S, Rogel ME; et al. (1997). "Uracil DNA glycosylase specifically interacts with Vpr of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys, but binding does not correlate with cell cycle arrest". J. Virol. 71 (6): 4842–6. PMID 9151883.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Withers-Ward ES, Jowett JB, Stewart SA; et al. (1997). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr interacts with HHR23A, a cellular protein implicated in nucleotide excision DNA repair". J. Virol. 71 (12): 9732–42. PMID 9371639.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Haug T, Skorpen F, Aas PA; et al. (1998). "Regulation of expression of nuclear and mitochondrial forms of human uracil-DNA glycosylase". Nucleic Acids Res. 26 (6): 1449–57. PMID 9490791.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)