Phyllodes tumor

Phyllodes tumor
ICD-10	C50, D24, D48.6
ICD-9	217
ICD-O:	M9020
DiseasesDB	3396
MeSH	D003557

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Phylloides tumor

Overview

Phyllodes tumors (from Greek: phullon leaf), are typically large, fast growing masses that form from the periductal stroma of the breast. They account for less than 1% of all breast neoplasms.

Pathophysiology

Phyllodes tumors are a fibroepithelial tumor composed of an epithelial and a cellular stromal component. They may be considered benign, borderline, or malignant (cystosarcoma phyllodes or cystosarcoma phylloides) depending on histologic features including stromal cellularity, infiltration at the tumor's edge, and mitotic activity.

Phyllodes tumors are considered to be on a spectrum of disease that consists of fibroadenoma, fibroadenoma variant and benign phyllodes. Some would extend the spectrum to include malignant phyllodes tumors and frank sarcoma.

Differentiating Phyllodes tumor from other Diseases

Phyllodes tumor should be differentiated from:

• Fibroadenoma

Epidemiology and Demographics

Age

Occurrence is most common between the ages of 40 and 50, prior to the menopause. This is about 15 years older than the typical age of patients with fibroadenoma, a condition with which Phyllodes tumors may be confused.

Gender

Phyllodes tumor is predominantly a tumor of adult women, with very few examples reported in adolescents.

Treatment

Surgery

The common treatment for phyllodes is wide local excision. Most patients are cured with surgery; the risk of developing local recurrence or metastases is related to the histologic grade, according to the above-named features.