Hashimoto's thyroiditis
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | |
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| Histology | |
| ICD-10 | E06.3 |
| ICD-9 | 245.2 |
| OMIM | 140300 |
| DiseasesDB | 5649 |
| MeSH | D050031 |
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Synonyms and Related Keywords: Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis; autoimmune thyroiditis; struma lymphomatosa
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
If untreated for an extended period, Hashimoto's thyroiditis may lead to muscle failure, including possible heart failure.
Diagnosis
Symptoms
In many cases, Hashimoto's thyroiditis usually results in hypothyroidism, although in its acute phase, it can cause a transient hyperthyroidism thyrotoxic state known as hashitoxicosis.
- Adolescent goiter
- Alternating hypo- and hyperthyroidism
- Euthyroidism and goiter
- Hypothyroidism
- Painless thyroiditis or silent thyroiditis
- Postpartum painless thyrotoxicosis
- Primary thyroid failure
- Subclinical hypothyroidism and goiter
(In alphabetical order) [1]
- Cold intolerance
- Constipation
- Depression
- Difficulty concentrating or thinking
- Dry skin
- Enlarged neck or presence of goiter
- Fatigue
- Hair loss
- Heavy and irregular periods
- Hyperthyroidism symptoms
- Hypothyroidism symptoms
- Infertility
- Lethargy
- Mania
- Memory loss
- Migraines
- Myxedema
- Panic attacks
- Puffy face
- Small or shrunken thyroid gland (late in the disease)
- Weight gain
- Weight loss
Other symptoms that can occur with this disease:
- Joint stiffness
- Swelling of the face
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
Vital Signs
Skin
Head
- Puffy face
Throat
- Enlarged neck or presence of goiter
- Small or shrunken thyroid gland (late in the disease
Neurologic
- Slowed speech
- Slowed reflexes
Laboratory Findings
Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- Free T3 and Free T4
- Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg)
- Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO)
- Anti-microsomal antibodies can help obtain an accurate diagnosis.[2] Earlier assessment of the patient may present with elevated levels of thyroglobulin owing to the transient thyrotoxicosis as inflammation within the thyroid causes damage to the integrity of thyroid follicle storage of thyroglobulin; TSH is concomitantly decreased.[3]
- Diagnosis is made by detecting elevated levels of Anti-TPO antibodies in the serum.
Treatment
Pharmacotherapy
Chronic Pharmacotherapies
Hypothyroidism caused by Hashimoto's Thyroiditis is treated with thyroid hormone replacement. A small pill taken once a day should be able to keep the thyroid hormone levels normal. This medicine will, in most cases, need to be taken for the rest of the patient's life.
Case Studies
Case#1
References
- ↑ Ladenson P, Kim M. Thyroid. In: Goldman L and Ausiello D, eds. Goldman: Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa:Saunders; 2007:chap 244.
- ↑ Giannini, AJ (1986). The Biological Foundations of Clinical Psychiatry. New Hyde Park, NY: Medical Examination Publishing Company. pp. 193–198. ISBN 0-87488-449-7.
- ↑ Simmons, PJ (1998). "Antigen-presenting dendritic cells as regulators of the growth of thyrocytes: a role of interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6". Endocrinology. 139 (7): 3158–3186. doi:10.1210/en.139.7.3148. PMID 9645688. Unknown parameter
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