Gallbladder volvulus
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Torsion of gallbladder;
Overview
Twisting or rotation of gall bladder along the axis of cystic duct and vascular pedicle(cystic artery).[1]
Historical Perspective
It was first described by Wendal in 1898.[2]
Pathophysiology
Torsion of gall bladder leads to occlusion of cystic duct and artery. This occlusion leads to increased bile in the lumen and decreased flow to blood to the organ. Increased pressure in the lumen with ischemia leads to acute inflammation causing surgical emergency.
Causes
Epidemiology and Demographics
Over 500 cases have been documented since its description in 1898.[3]
Age
- Few cases are reported in pediatric population.
- 85% of the cases are reported in 60 - 80 age group.