Bronchiolitis obliterans
| Bronchiolitis obliterans | |
| DiseasesDB | 1704 |
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| MeSH | D001989 |
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Bronchiolitis obliterans Microchapters |
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Differentiating Bronchiolitis obliterans from other Diseases |
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Bronchiolitis obliterans On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bronchiolitis obliterans |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bronchiolitis obliterans |
Editor-in-Chief: Kaochoy Saechao, MD, MPH
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Brochiolitis obliterans from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | EKG | Chest X ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Overview
Bronchiolitis obliterans, Popcorn Workers' Lung or Diacetyl-induced Bronchiolitis Obliterans - DiBO, is a rare disease of the lung wherein the bronchioles are obliterated with fibrotic tissue.
Etiology
Bronchiolitis obliterans has many possible causes, including: collagen vascular disease, transplant rejection in organ transplant patients, viral infection (RSV, adenovirus, PCP, HIV, CMV), drug reaction, aspiration and complications of prematurity (bronchopulmonary dysplasia), and exposure to toxic fumes, including: diacetyl, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, chlorine, thionyl chloride, methyl isocyanate, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, phosgene, polyamide-amine dyes, and ozone. Additionally, the disorder may be idiopathic (without known cause). Template:Ref labelTemplate:Ref labelTemplate:Ref label
Presentation
Bronchiolitis obliterans is a lung disease characterized by a fixed airway obstruction. Inflammation and scarring occur in the airways of the lung, resulting in shortness of breath and dry cough.
Diagnosis
Bronchiolitis obliterans patients should be seen by a board-certified Pulmonologist for accurate diagnosis.
Prognosis/treatment
This disease is irreversible and severe cases often require a lung transplant. Evaluation of interventions to prevent bronchiolitis obliterans relies on early detection of abnormal spirometry results or unusual decreases in repeated measurements.
Industrial inhalants
There is no consensus classification scheme for bronchiolitis subtypes. One author describes four specific subtypes as follows: cellular bronchiolitis, respiratory bronchiolitis, bronchiolitis obliterans and bronchiolitis obliterans with intraluminal polyps (proliferative bronchiolitis obliterans). There are many industrial inhalants that are known to cause bronchiolitis. Template:Ref label
Industrial workers who have presented with bronchiolitis:
- nylon-flock workers Template:Ref label
- workers who spray prints onto textiles with polyamide-amine dyes Template:Ref label
- battery workers who are exposed to thionyl chloride fumes
- workers at plants that use or manufacture flavorings, e.g. diacetyl butter-like flavoring Template:Ref labelTemplate:Ref labelTemplate:Ref label
See also
External links
- National Institutes of Health: Haz-Map Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases by Jay A. Brown, M.D., M.P.H. Bronchiolitis obliterans
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Alert: Preventing lung disease in workers who make or use flavorings
Sources
- Brant & Helms. Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology LWW, 1999.
- Webb, et al. High Resolution CT of the Lung. 3rd edition. LWW, 2000.
- Harber, Philip; Saechao, Kaochoy; & Boomus, Catherine. Diacetyl-induced lung Toxicological Reviews 2006;vol 25(4):261-72.
References
- Template:Note labelBrant & Helms (1999). Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology.
- Template:Note labelWebb; et al. (2000). High Resolution CT of the Lung (3rd Edition ed.).
- Template:Note labelCenter for Disease Control (2002). Fixed obstructive lung disease in workers at a microwave popcorn factory (7th Edition ed.).
- Template:Note labelNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Preventing lung disease in workers who make or use flavorings, 2004
- Template:Note label Colby, T.V. "Bronchiolitis, Pathologic Considerations". Am J Clin Pathology 1998;109:101-9
- Template:Note labelNational Institutes of Health. Haz-Map; Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases by Jay A. Brown, M.D., M.P.H.
- Template:Note labelCalifornia Department of Health Services
- Template:Note labelE. Neil Schachter. "Popcorn Workers' Lung". New England Journal of Medicine 2002;347(5):360-1.
- Template:Note labelDavid Egilman (2007). "Popcorn Workers Lung"
- Template:Note label "Doctor warns consumers of popcorn fumes", Marcus Kabel, Associated Press, September 5, 2007, hosted by Yahoo! News, retrieved 2007-09-10.
- Template:Note label Letter from Cecile Rose to U.S. Food and Drug Administration, from www.defendingscience.org
- Template:Note label David Michaels (2007). Popcorn Lung Coming to Your Kitchen? The FDA Doesn’t Want to Know, a blog post at thepumphandle.wordpress.com
- Template:Note labelReuters New Report: FDA to probe popcorn link in man's lung disease.
- Template:Note label Weaver Popcorn Company Press Release: "Pop Weaver Introduces First Microwave Popcorn With Flavoring Containing No Diacetyl", 2007-08-27, hosted at PRNewswire.com. Template:PDFlink.
- Template:Note label USA Today. ConAgra to drop popcorn chemical linked to lung ailment