Chronic hypertension risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Risk Factors

Essential hypertension which is the more common form has several risk factors. Of most importance are -

• Increased salt intake in diet
• Obesity
• Increased alcohol intake
• Family history where parents are hypertensive

Other Less Established Risk Factors for Hypertension

• Black race: Although more common among blacks, it is not clear if environmental factors (Increased salt intake, high cholesterol diet, lower socioeconomic status, stress) or race itself is the cause.
• Smoking is generally not considered an independent risk factor for hypertension, but is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.
• High cholesterol diet
• Anxiety disorders
• Type A personality. People who are more commmonly impatient and have hostile attitudes may be at risk.