Brugada syndrome epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Prevalence

The prevalence of the Brugada syndrome is estimated at 1-5 per 10,000 inhabitants worldwide. The frequency is lower in western countries and higher (≥5 per 10,000) in Southeast Asia.

Age

The average age at the time of initial diagnosis or sudden death is 40 ± 22 years, with the youngest patient diagnosed at 2 days of age and the oldest at 84 years. Brugada syndrome usually becomes apparent in adulthood, although signs and symptoms, including sudden death, can occur any time from early infancy to old age. The mean age of sudden death is approximately 40 years. This condition may explain some cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), which is a major cause of death in babies younger than one year. It is characterized by sudden and unexplained death, usually during sleep. Sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) is a condition characterized by unexpected cardiac arrest in young adults, usually at night during sleep. This condition was originally described in Southeast Asian populations, where it is a major cause of death. Researchers have determined that SUNDS and Brugada syndrome are the same disorder.

Race

This condition occurs much more frequently in people of Asian ancestry, particularly in Japanese and Southeast Asian populations. It is the most common cause of sudden death in young men without known underlying cardiac disease in Thailand and Laos.

Gender

Although Brugada syndrome affects both men and women, the condition appears to be 8 to 10 times more common in men. Researchers suspect that testosterone, a sex hormone present at much higher levels in men, may be responsible for this difference.