Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis is a central nervous system disease caused by certain species of amoeba, especially Balamuthia mandrillaris.[1]
Pathophysiology
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis is most commonly caused by Acanthamoeba castellanii, A. culbertsoni, A. polyphaga or Balamuthia mandrillaris.[2] It is rarely due to Entamoeba histolytica.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Balamuthia infection is very rare but often causes fatal disease[1]. Since Balamuthia was first discovered in 1986, about 200 cases of infection have been reported worldwide[2,3,4]. This number includes at least 70 confirmed cases in the United States.
References
- ↑ Intalapaporn P, Suankratay C, Shuangshoti S, Phantumchinda K, Keelawat S, Wilde H (2004). "Balamuthia mandrillaris meningoencephalitis: the first case in southeast Asia". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 70 (6): 666–9. PMID 15211011. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Martinez AJ, Visvesvara GS, Chandler FW. Free-living amebic infections. Chapter 132 in Pathology of Infectious Diseases, 1997, Connor DH, Chandler FW, Manz HJ, Schwartz DA, Lack EE, eds., Stamford, Appleton & Lange, pp 1163-1176.