Diabetic nephropathy screening

Diabetic nephropathy Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Microalbumin levels in the urine is an excellent tool to look for early damage to kidneys secondary to diabetes. Albumin is a protein found normally in the serum, but it gets completely absorbed from the renal tubules when it is filtered into the nephron from the glomerulus. Hence, a damaged nephron will not reabsorb the albumin filtered by the glomerulus and it appears in the urine.

Screening

• Screening for nephropathy in diabetes should begin at the time of diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus.
• Minute levels of albumin in the urine are not detectable with routine urine protein dipsticks.