Hyperthyroidism epidemiology and demographics
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Hyperthyroidism Microchapters |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Farman Khan, MD, MRCP [2]
The overall prevalence of hyperthyroidism is around 1.3 percent, it increases to 5 percent in older women. [1] 60-80% cases of thyrotoxicosis in United States are caused by Graves disease.The incidence of Graves disease has been reported to be 0.5 cases per 1000 population, with the peak occurrence in ages 20-40 years. Toxic multinodular goiters occur in patients with long history of nontoxic goiter and therefore usually present after 50 years of age. Patients with toxic adenomas present at a younger age than do patients with toxic multinodular goiter.
Sex
Hyperthyroidism is more common in women than men (5:1 ratio).Toxic nodular goiter is more common in older women, while Graves' disease is seen most often in younger women. Graves ophthalmopathy is more common in women than in men.
Race
Autoimmune thyroid disease occurs with the same frequency in Caucasians, Hispanics, and Asians but at lower rates in African Americans.Hyperthyroidism is also more common in smokers. [2]
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References
- ↑ Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, Braverman LE (2002). "Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 87 (2): 489–99. PMID 11836274. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Asvold BO, Bjøro T, Nilsen TI, Vatten LJ (2007). "Tobacco smoking and thyroid function: a population-based study". Archives of Internal Medicine. 167 (13): 1428–32. doi:10.1001/archinte.167.13.1428. PMID 17620538. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)