Alcoholic cardiomyopathy overview
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Differentiating Alcoholic cardiomyopathy from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]; Hardik Patel, M.D.
Overview
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a disease in which the excessive use of alcohol use damages the heart muscle causing heart failure. It is characterized by constellation of findings which includes a history of excessive alcohol intake, physical signs of alcohol abuse, heart failure, and supportive findings consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Pathophysiology
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a type of dilated cardiomyopathy. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption, in excessive amounts, has been associated with adverse effects on the myocardium leading to non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. It accounts for 21-36% of all cases of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy [1]. The maximum recommended dose of alcohol consumption in US men and women is 14 drinks and 7 drinks respectively. Consumption above these levels has been shown to be associated with the increased risk of alcoholic cardiomyopathy [2]. Pathogenesis of this condition is multi-factorial.
Differentiating Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy from Other Diseases
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Therefore, it must be differentiated from other forms of DCM like idiopathic DCM, connective tissue disorders etc.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is more prevalent in middle aged males between the ages of 35-50. However, females may be more sensitive to cardiotoxic effects of alcohol, and may develop alcoholic cardiomyopathy with lesser amounts of alcohol use, than males.[3][4]
References
- ↑ Skotzko CE, Vrinceanu A, Krueger L, Freudenberger R (2009). "Alcohol use and congestive heart failure: incidence, importance, and approaches to improved history taking". Heart Failure Reviews. 14 (1): 51–5. doi:10.1007/s10741-007-9048-8. PMID 18034302. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Thun MJ, Peto R, Lopez AD; et al. (1997). "Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly U.S. adults". The New England Journal of Medicine. 337 (24): 1705–14. doi:10.1056/NEJM199712113372401. PMID 9392695. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Fernández-Solà J, Estruch R, Nicolás JM; et al. (1997). "Comparison of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in women versus men". The American Journal of Cardiology. 80 (4): 481–5. PMID 9285662. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Urbano-Márquez A, Estruch R, Fernández-Solá J, Nicolás JM, Paré JC, Rubin E (1995). "The greater risk of alcoholic cardiomyopathy and myopathy in women compared with men". JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 274 (2): 149–54. PMID 7596003. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)