Leopard syndrome differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Moubarak, M.D. [2]
Overview
Cutaneous manifestations of LEOPARD syndrome may be similar to several other conditions including McCune-Albright syndrome, Carney syndrome, and neurofibromatosis. LEOPARD syndrome should also be distinguished from other syndromes with developmental delay, short stature, congenital heart defects, and distinctive facies, especially Williams syndrome.
Differentiating Leopard Syndrome From Other Diseases
- It is suspected when two of the three following features are present:
- Endocrine (autonomous) hyperfunction such as precocious puberty
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Café-au-lait spots
Within the syndrome there are bone fractures and deformity of the legs, arms and skull, different pigment patches on the skin, and early puberty with increased rate of growth.
coexistence of several neoplasms, including: gastric epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma