High LDL causes

Low Density Lipoprotein Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Rim Halaby, M.D. [3]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [4]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	Diterpenoids
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Atazanavir, azathioprine, bexarotene, calcineurin inhibitors, chlortalidone, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, desvenlafaxine, fish oil supplements, immunosuppressive agents, levonorgestrel, lopinavir, mycophenolate, nicotine, norgestrel, prednisone, progestin, rapamycin, rosiglitazone, sirolimus, thiazide, tocilizumab
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone, growth hormone deficiency, hypercortisolism, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, progestagens, subclinical hypothyroidism, testosterone
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency, autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial defective apolipoprotein B-100, familial hypercholesterolemia, hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, IL 28B polymorphisms, Niemann-Pick disease, polygenic hypercholesterolemia
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Gram negative bacillary bacteremia, H. pylori, small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome,
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	Chenodeoxycholic acid, high carbohydrate diet, high saturated fat diet, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polygenic hypercholesterolemia, primary hyperlipoproteinemia, primary hypolipoproteinemia type 1, selenium deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	Chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Dysproteinemia, lipopolysaccharides, monoclonal gammopathy, paraproteinemia
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
• Androgens
• Atazanavir
• Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia
• Azathioprine
• Bexarotene
• Calcineurin inhibitors
• Chenodeoxycholic acid
• Chlortalidone
• Cholestatic jaundice
• Chronic kidney disease
• Chronic liver disease
• Corticosteroids
• Cyclosporine
• Dehydroepiandrosterone
• Desvenlafaxine
• Diterpenoids
• Dysproteinemia
• Familial combined hyperlipidemia
• Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100
• Familial hypercholesterolemia

• Fish oil supplements
• Gram negative bacillary bacteremia
• Growth hormone deficiency
• H. pylori
• High carbohydrate diet
• High saturated fat diet
• Hyperapobetalipoproteinemia
• Hypercortisolism
• Hypothyroidism
• IL 28B polymorphisms
• Immunosuppressive agents
• LDL receptor deficiency
• Levonorgestrel
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Lopinavir
• Monoclonal gammopathy
• Mycophenolate
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Nicotine
• Niemann-Pick disease
• Norgestrel

• Obstructive liver disease
• Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
• Pancreatitis
• Paraproteinemia
• Polycystic ovarian syndrome
• Polygenic hypercholesterolemia
• Prednisone
• Primary biliary cirrhosis
• Primary hyperlipoproteinemia
• Primary hypolipoproteinemia type 1
• Progestagens
• Progestin
• Rapamycin
• Rosiglitazone
• Selenium deficiency
• Sirolimus
• Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome
• Subclinical hypothyroidism
• Testosterone
• Thiazide
• Tocilizumab

References

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