High density lipoprotein epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Moubarak, M.D. [2]
Overview
Many epidemiological studies link low HDL to the increased risk of CHD development.
Data from the landmark Framingham Heart Study showed that for a given level of LDL, the risk of heart disease increases 10-fold as the HDL varies from high to low.
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Epidemiological data showed the significant association of low HDL level as an independent factor, with the development of CHD. For each 1% decrease in HDL level, there is an increase in the risk of CHD development by 2-3%.[1]
- A large survey has been set out to determine the prevalence of low HDL in 11 European countries. The study population include 8545 patients receiving treatment for dyslipidaemia, This treatment appeared to exert little or no effect on the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol, which was slightly higher than that measured in the overall population. Low HDL-cholesterol was present in 33% of men and 40% of women, with very low HDL-cholesterol present in 14% (both genders combined). The prevalence was found much higher in diabetic patients compared to general population. [2]
- According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2009–2010, 21.3% of adults aged 20 years and over had low HDL cholesterol level (less than 40 mg/dL). The percentage of adults with low HDL cholesterol as shown below was higher for men (31.4%) than for women (11.9%). Percentages among men were also higher than those among women of the same racial and ethnic group. For men, the percentage with low HDL cholesterol was lower among non-Hispanic black men than non-Hispanic white or Hispanic men, no racial or ethnic differences were found among women in the percentage with low HDL cholesterol.[3]
File:Low HDL Percentage in 2010.png
References
- ↑ National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) (2002). "Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report". Circulation. 106 (25): 3143–421. PMID 12485966.
- ↑ "Epidemiology of low HDL-cholesterol: results of studies and surveys". Retrieved 20 September 2013.
- ↑ Carroll MD, Kit BK, Lacher DA (2012). "Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010". NCHS Data Brief (92): 1–8. PMID 22617230.