WBR284

Author	PageAuthor::Gerald Chi
Exam Type	ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category	MainCategory::Anatomy
Sub Category	SubCategory::Cardiology
Prompt	[[Prompt::A newborn presents with vomiting when fed for the first time. Flat facies, an unusually large tongue, and prominent epicanthal folds are noted on examination. Upper gastrointestinal studies show gas in the stomach and the duodenal bulb. The newborn is most likely to have cardiovascular anomalies due to which of the following defects?]]
Answer A	AnswerA::Ectopic ductal tissue
Answer A Explanation	AnswerAExp::Coarctation of the aorta, which is commonly seen in Turner syndrome, is postulated to result from ectopic ductal tissue or from abnormal development of the fourth and sixth aortic arch.
Answer B	AnswerB::Improper alignment of aorticopulmonary septum
Answer B Explanation	AnswerBExp::Tetralogy of Fallot is caused by improper alignment of aorticopulmonary septum.
Answer C	AnswerC::Failure of aorticopulmonary septum to twist
Answer C Explanation	AnswerCExp::Transposition of the great vessels is caused by failure of aorticopulmonary septm to twist and is commonly seen in children of diabetic mothers
Answer D	AnswerD::Inadequate formation of the septum secundum
Answer D Explanation	AnswerDExp::Ostium secundum atrial septal defect is the most common type of ASD. It arises from inadequate growth of the septum secundum and comprises up to 10% of all cases of congenital heart diseases.
Answer E	AnswerE::Inadequate migration of neural crest cells
Answer E Explanation	AnswerEExp::Failure of migration of neural crest cells to the endocardial cushion is most commonly associated with Down syndrome
Right Answer	RightAnswer::E
Explanation	[[Explanation::Down syndrome (trisomy 21), as evidenced by the phenotypic profile and the double bubble sign secondary to duodenal atresia, is most commonly associated with the cardiovascular complication of endocardial cushion defects. Educational Objective: References: ]]
Approved	Approved::No
Keyword	WBRKeyword::Down syndrome
Linked Question	Linked::
Order in Linked Questions	LinkedOrder::