Renal cell carcinoma history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Symptoms and Signs
Patients with renal cell carcinoma typically present at 60-70 years of age. The most common diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma is based on the incidental finding; whereby most patients are asymptomatic. Symptoms are often classified as local and systemic:
Local Symptoms and Signs
The presence of local signs is considered a poor prognostic marker
- Hematuria
- Flank pain
- Palpable abdominal mass
Systemic Symptoms and Signs
The presence of systemic symptoms is mostly due to the presence of a paraneoplastic syndrome, mostly due to the presence of parathyroid-related protein (PTHrp) or a metastasis.
- Hypertension (renin secretion)
- Hypercalcemia (PTHrp secretion)
- Flushing (Erythroprotein secretion)
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Muscle atrophy