Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention
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Community-Acquired Pneumonia Microchapters |
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Differentiating Community-acquired pneumonia from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Community-acquired pneumonia |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention |
Vaccines
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
| Factor | Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intramuscular injection |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸Bacterial component (polysaccharide capsule) |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸All persons ≥ 65 years of age 'High-risk persons 2–64 years of age' 'Current smokers' |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or liver disease ▸Diabetes mellitus ▸Cerebrospinal fluid leaks ▸ Alcoholism ▸ Asplenia ▸ Immunocompromising conditions / medications ▸Native Americans and Alaska natives ▸Long-term care facility residents |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ One-time revaccination after 5 years for (1) Adults 65 years of age, if the first dose is received before age 65 years (2) Persons with asplenia (3) Immunocompromised persons |
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]
Inactivated influenza vaccine
| Factor | Inactivated influenza vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intramuscular injection |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸ Killed virus |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸ All persons ≥ 50 years of age ▸ High-risk persons 6 months – 49 years of age ▸ Household contacts of high-risk persons ▸ Health care providers ▸ Children 6–23 months of age |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary disease (including asthma) ▸Chronic metabolic disease (including diabetes mellitus) ▸Renal dysfunction ▸ Hemoglobinopathies ▸ Immunocompromising conditions/medications ▸ Pregnancy ▸Residence in a long-term care facility ▸Aspirin therapy in persons ≤ 18 years of age |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ Annual revaccination |
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]
Live attenuated influenza vaccine
| Factor | Live attenuated influenza vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intranasal spray |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸ Live virus |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸ Healthy persons 5–49 years of age†, including health care providers and household contacts of high-risk persons |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Avoid in high-risk persons |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ Annual revaccination |
† = Avoid use in persons with asthma, reactive airways disease, or other chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems; persons with other underlying medical conditions, including diabetes, renal dysfunction, and hemoglobinopathies; persons with immunodeficiencies or who receive immunosup-pressive therapy; children or adolescents receiving salicylates; persons with a history of Guillain-Barre ́ syndrome; and pregnant women.
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]