Nephrolithiasis resident survival guide

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

• Renal Obstruction
• Renal Isquaemia
• Renal Impairment

Common Causes

• Hypercalciuria
• Hyperoxaluria
• Hypernatruria
• Hypocitraturia
• Gout
• Previous chemotherapy for Lymphoma and Leukemia
• Increced Cystine
• Drug related stones (Xantines)

Management

Diagnostic Approach

Shown below is an algorithm depicting the diagnostic approach to Nephrolithiasis based on the 2014 Review of the Cleveland Clinic, urological and kidney institue.

Characterize the symptoms: ❑ Abdominal Pain ❑ Irradiated to the lower abdomen and groin ❑ Acute pain ❑ Urinary urgency ❑ Dysuria ❑ Polyuria ❑ Vomits ❑ Nausea ❑ Malaise ❑ Fever and chills

References

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