Intestinal ischemia resident survival guide
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]
Definition
Intestinal ischemia are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by hypoxia of the small bowel and/or colon, which most commonly arises from occlusion, vasospasm, and/or hypoperfusion of the mesenteric vasculature.[1] Intestinal ischemic disorders have been classified into the following three major types.[2][3]
| Clinical subgroups | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Acute mesenteric ischemia | It includes superior mesenteric artery embolism (SMAE) (50%); nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) (20% to 30%); superior mesenteric artery thrombosis (SMAT) (15% to 25%); and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis (5%). |
| Chronic mesenteric ischemia | It usually refers to intestinal angina. |
| Colonic ischemia (CI) | It includes reversible ischemic colopathy, transient ulcerating ischemic colitis, chronic ulcerating ischemic colitis, colonic stricture, colonic gangrene, and fulminant universal ischemic colitis. |
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Management
The algorithm is based on the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines for management of Intestinal Ischemia in adults.
Do's
Dont's
References
- ↑ Gore RM, Thakrar KH, Mehta UK, Berlin J, Yaghmai V, Newmark GM (2008). "Imaging in intestinal ischemic disorders". Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 6 (8): 849–58. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2008.05.007. PMID 18674733.
- ↑ Greenwald DA, Brandt LJ, Reinus JF (2001). "Ischemic bowel disease in the elderly". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 30 (2): 445–73. PMID 11432300.
- ↑ Lock G (2001). "Acute intestinal ischaemia". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 15 (1): 83–98. doi:10.1053/bega.2000.0157. PMID 11355902.