IMPROVE and IMPROVEDD scores for venous thromboembolism
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]
Overview
The IMPROVE score for venous thromboembolism (VTE) assesses the risk of VTE among hospitalized medical patients. The MPROVE predictive score for VTE includes 4 independent risk factors for VTE which are present at admission. The IMPROVE associative score for VTE includes 7 variables present either at admission or during hospitalization; however the timing of the presence of some of the factors compared to the onset of VTE was not available.[1]
IMPROVE Predictive Score for VTE
Calculation of the IMPROVE Predictive Score
| Variable | Score[1] |
| Prior episode of VTE | 3 |
| Thrombophilia | 3 |
| Malignancy | 1 |
| Age more than 60 years | 1 |
Interpretation of the IMPROVE Predictive Score
| Score | Predicted VTE risk through 3 months[1] |
| 0 | 0.5% |
| 1 | 1.0% |
| 2 | 1.7% |
| 3 | 3.1% |
| 4 | 5.4% |
| 5-8 | 11% |
IMPROVE Associative Score for VTE
IMPROVE associative risk score assesses the risk of VTE among hospitalized medical patients. While the IMPROVE predictive score includes 4 independent risk factors for VTE which are present at admission, IMPROVE associative score includes 7 variables present either at admission or during hospitalization; however the timing of the presence of some of the factors compared to the onset of VTE is not available.[1]
Calculation of the IMPROVE Associative Score
| Variable | Score[1] |
| Prior episode of VTE | 3 |
| Thrombophilia | 2 |
| Paralysis of the lower extremity during the hospitalization | 2 |
| Current malignancy | 2 |
| Immobilization for at least 7 days | 1 |
| ICU or CCU admission | 1 |
| Age more than 60 years | 1 |
Interpretation of the IMPROVE Associative Score
| Score | Predicted VTE risk through 3 months[1] |
| 0 | 0.4% |
| 1 | 0.6% |
| 2 | 1.0% |
| 3 | 1.7% |
| 4 | 2.9% |
| 5-10 | 7.2% |