Listeriosis differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Attending to the different clinical syndromes that listeriosis might assume, this condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diseases such as: febrile gastroenteritis; foodborne outbreaks, when routine culture media fail to identify the pathogen; parenchymal brain infections in certain classes of patients; subcortical brain abscesses; fever during the last trimester of pregnancy; and when diphtheroids are identified in blood cultures or CSF.[1]
Differential Diagnosis
The diagnosis of listeriosis should be considered in the following illnesses:[1]
- Febrile gastroenteritis from foodborn outbreaks, with unidentified pathogen by routine cultures
- Neonatal sepsis or meningitis
- Parenchymal brain infections or meningitis in the following patients:
- HIV
- Hematological malignancies
- History of organ transplant
- Treatment with corticosteroids
- Adults older than 50 years of age
- Concomitant meningeal infection and of the brain parenchyma
- Subcortical brain abscess
- Fever during the 3rd trimester of fever
- Identification of diphtheroids on:
- Blood cultures
- Gram stain
- CSF