Albuminuria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Albuminuria is a pathological condition where albumin is present in the urine. It is a type of proteinuria.

Causes

Common Causes

The kidneys normally filter out large molecules from the urine, so albuminuria can be an indicator of damage to the kidneys. It can also occur in patients with long-standing diabetes especially type 1 diabetes.

Causes of albuminuria can be discriminated between by the amount of protein excreted.

• The nephrotic syndrome usually results in the excretion of about 3.0 to 3.5 grams per 24 hours.

• Nephritic syndrome results in far less albuminuria.

• Microalbuminuria (less than 300mg) can be a forerunner of diabetic nephropathy.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Bacitracin, foscarnet sodium, Methenamine, Polymyxin B, Trimethadione
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Bacitracin

• Disease B

• Disease C

Diagnosis

Laboratory Findings

The amount of protein being lost in the urine can be quantified by collecting the urine for 24 hours, measuring a sample of the pooled urine, and extrapolating to the volume collected.