Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics
|
Amoebic liver abscess Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics |
|
Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics in the news |
|
Blogs on Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Amoebic liver abscess epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Amoebiasis is the second leading cause of death worldwide from parasitic disease.[1][2][3]500 million people are infected with Entamoeba histolytica every year. 50 million individuals develop liver abscess and colitis and results in death in 40,000-100,000 individuals annually. Of all cases of amoebiasis, 3% to 9% of patients reported to have amoebic liver abscess. It most commonly occurs in 20 to 45 years age.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and Prevalence
- Amoebiasis is the second leading cause of death worldwide from parasitic disease.[4][2][3][5]
- 500 million people are infected with Entamoeba histolytica every year.
- 50 million individuals develop liver abscess and colitis, and results in death in 40,000-100,000 individuals annually.
- Of all cases of amoebiasis, 3% to 9% of patients reported to have amoebic liver abscess.
Age
- Amoebic liver abscess most commonly occurs in 20 to 45 years age.
Gender
- Amoebic liver abscess is more common among men compared to women.[6][7][8]
Developed and Developing Countries
- Entamoeba histolytica infection is more common in tropical and sub tropical areas.[9]
- Infection rates are higher in temperate regions with poor sanitation.
- In the United States most cases of amoebiasis occur in immigrants from endemic areas and HIV infected patients.[10]
- Amoebic liver abscess is the most common extra intestinal manifestation of Entamoeba histolytica infection. It is endemic in the following countries[11]
- Mexico
- The Indian subcontinent
- Indonesia
- Sub saharan and tropical regions of Africa
- Parts of central and south America
- In developed countries, amoebiasis occurs usually in[12]
- Homosexual men
- Immigrants
- Recent travel to endemic areas
- Institutionalized persons
- HIV positive individuals
References
- ↑ Leber, Amy L., and Susan Novak-Weekley. "Intestinal and urogenital amebae, flagellates, and ciliates." Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th Edition. American Society of Microbiology, 2011. 2149-2171.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Baxt LA, Singh U (2008). "New insights into Entamoeba histolytica pathogenesis". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 21 (5): 489–94. doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32830ce75f. PMC 2688559. PMID 18725798.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Haque R, Huston CD, Hughes M, Houpt E, Petri WA (2003). "Amebiasis". N Engl J Med. 348 (16): 1565–73. doi:10.1056/NEJMra022710. PMID 12700377.
- ↑ Leber, Amy L., and Susan Novak-Weekley. "Intestinal and urogenital amebae, flagellates, and ciliates." Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th Edition. American Society of Microbiology, 2011. 2149-2171.
- ↑ Zafar A, Ahmed S (2002). "Amoebic liver abscess: a comparative study of needle aspiration versus conservative treatment". J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 14 (1): 10–2. PMID 12043323.
- ↑ Acuna-Soto R, Maguire JH, Wirth DF (2000). "Gender distribution in asymptomatic and invasive amebiasis". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95 (5): 1277–83. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01525.x. PMID 10811339.
- ↑ Adams EB, MacLeod IN (1977). "Invasive amebiasis. II. Amebic liver abscess and its complications". Medicine (Baltimore). 56 (4): 325–34. PMID 875719.
- ↑ Katzenstein D, Rickerson V, Braude A (1982). "New concepts of amebic liver abscess derived from hepatic imaging, serodiagnosis, and hepatic enzymes in 67 consecutive cases in San Diego". Medicine (Baltimore). 61 (4): 237–46. PMID 6806561.
- ↑ Leber, Amy L., and Susan Novak-Weekley. "Intestinal and urogenital amebae, flagellates, and ciliates." Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th Edition. American Society of Microbiology, 2011. 2149-2171.
- ↑ Stanley SL (2003). "Amoebiasis". Lancet. 361 (9362): 1025–34. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12830-9. PMID 12660071.
- ↑ Kurland JE, Brann OS (2004). "Pyogenic and amebic liver abscesses". Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 6 (4): 273–9. PMID 15245694.
- ↑ Tanyuksel M, Petri WA (2003). "Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 16 (4): 713–29. PMC 207118. PMID 14557296.