Anaplastic thyroid cancer echocardiography or ultrasound
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2] Ammu Susheela, M.D. [3]
Overview
Neck ultrasound may be performed to detect anaplastic thyroid cancer. Anaplastic thyroid cancer may appear as a large, rapidly growing mass which may be discrete or infiltrative with extracapsular extension into the soft tissues.
Ultrasound
- Ultrasound imaging is useful in the diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer. It is used for:[1]
- Evaluation of thyroid nodule characteristics
- Determination of nodule location during fine needle aspiration study
- Assessment of adjacent lymph node for the purpose of staging the cancer
- Post-surgical surveillance for early detection of tumor recurrence and/or nodal metastatic disease
- In summary, ultrasound imaging findings suggestive of malignant thyroid nodule include:
- Microcalcification
- Peripheral, coarse calcification
- Solid, hypoechoic nodule
- Locally invaded nodule (more commonly seen in anaplastic thyroid cancer and primary thyroid lymphoma)
- High anteroposterior/width ratio
- Irregular nodular margin
- Adjacent suspicious lymph node with a size greater than 2 cm
- Presence of posterior acoustic shadowing
- Additionally, ultrasound imaging has been observed to be useful in the diagnosis of non-palpable lymph node metastasis when used preoperatively.
- Possible ultrasound findings in anaplastic thyroid cancer include:
- Large, rapidly growing mass which may be discrete or infiltrative with extracapsular extension into the soft tissues.
- Cervical lymphadenopathy is usually present.
References
- ↑ Coquia, Stephanie F.; Chu, Linda C.; Hamper, Ulrike M. (2014). "The Role of Sonography in Thyroid Cancer". Radiologic Clinics of North America. 52 (6): 1283–1294. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.007. ISSN 0033-8389.