Ankylosing spondylitis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overview
The natural history of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) remains poorly documented.Documentation of the early course of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) has been limited by the lack of appropriate criteria to diagnose early.New York criteria had played important role in the study of ankylosing spondylitis(AS).
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History[1][2][3]
- The natural history of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) remains poorly documented.
- The heterogeneity of the ankylosing spondylitis(AS) has made studies technically difficult.
- Documentation of the early course of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) has been limited by the lack of appropriate criteria to diagnose early.
- Modified New York criteria had played important role in the study of ankylosing spondylitis(AS).
- Rudwaleit pointed that ankylosing spondylitis(AS) passes through three stages [4][5]
- Pre-radiographic
- Radiographic sacroiliitis
- Radiographic spinal changes
Complications
- Common complications of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) include:[6][7][8][9][10]
- Acute anterior uveitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Psoriasis
- Psychosocial issues
- Cardiovascular problems
- Pulmonary problems
- Osteopenia
- Fractures
- Neurologic manifestations
- Renal manifestations
Prognosis
- It's hard to predict the long-term effects for the people who are suffering with ankylosing spondylitis because it varies from person to person.
- The presence of hip involvement is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with ankylosing spondylitis patients.[11]
- In many patients onset of the disease and symptoms varies.
- In a very small percentage of the patients with AS they develop life-threatening complications like abnormal heart rhythm or the aortic heart valve.
References
- ↑ Goie The HS, Steven MM, van der Linden SM, Cats A (August 1985). "Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison of the Rome, New York and modified New York criteria in patients with a positive clinical history screening test for ankylosing spondylitis". Br. J. Rheumatol. 24 (3): 242–9. PMID 3160423.
- ↑ Robertson LP, Davis MJ (December 2004). "A longitudinal study of disease activity and functional status in a hospital cohort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis". Rheumatology (Oxford). 43 (12): 1565–8. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh386. PMID 15353608.
- ↑ van der Linden S, Valkenburg HA, Cats A (April 1984). "Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria". Arthritis Rheum. 27 (4): 361–8. PMID 6231933.
- ↑ Rudwaleit M, Landewé R, van der Heijde D, Listing J, Brandt J, Braun J, Burgos-Vargas R, Collantes-Estevez E, Davis J, Dijkmans B, Dougados M, Emery P, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Inman R, Khan MA, Leirisalo-Repo M, van der Linden S, Maksymowych WP, Mielants H, Olivieri I, Sturrock R, de Vlam K, Sieper J (June 2009). "The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part I): classification of paper patients by expert opinion including uncertainty appraisal". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68 (6): 770–6. doi:10.1136/ard.2009.108217. PMID 19297345.
- ↑ van den Berg R, van der Heijde DM (November 2010). "How should we diagnose spondyloarthritis according to the ASAS classification criteria: a guide for practicing physicians". Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. 120 (11): 452–7. PMID 21102381.
- ↑ Stolwijk C, Essers I, van Tubergen A, Boonen A, Bazelier MT, De Bruin ML, de Vries F (July 2015). "The epidemiology of extra-articular manifestations in ankylosing spondylitis: a population-based matched cohort study". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 74 (7): 1373–8. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205253. PMID 24658834.
- ↑ Stolwijk C, van Tubergen A, Castillo-Ortiz JD, Boonen A (January 2015). "Prevalence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 74 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203582. PMID 23999006.
- ↑ Stolwijk C, Essers I, van Tubergen A, Boonen A, Bazelier MT, De Bruin ML, de Vries F (July 2015). "The epidemiology of extra-articular manifestations in ankylosing spondylitis: a population-based matched cohort study". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 74 (7): 1373–8. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205253. PMID 24658834.
- ↑ de Winter JJ, van Mens LJ, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Baeten DL (September 2016). "Prevalence of peripheral and extra-articular disease in ankylosing spondylitis versus non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a meta-analysis". Arthritis Res. Ther. 18: 196. doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1093-z. PMC 5009714. PMID 27586785.
- ↑ Li Y, Zhang S, Zhu J, Du X, Huang F (October 2012). "Sleep disturbances are associated with increased pain, disease activity, depression, and anxiety in ankylosing spondylitis: a case-control study". Arthritis Res. Ther. 14 (5): R215. doi:10.1186/ar4054. PMC 3580527. PMID 23058191.
- ↑ Vander Cruyssen B, Muñoz-Gomariz E, Font P, Mulero J, de Vlam K, Boonen A, Vazquez-Mellado J, Flores D, Vastesaeger N, Collantes E (January 2010). "Hip involvement in ankylosing spondylitis: epidemiology and risk factors associated with hip replacement surgery". Rheumatology (Oxford). 49 (1): 73–81. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kep174. PMID 19605374.