Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
The presence of skin lesions on physical examination is highly suggestive of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is usually remarkable for cutaneous manifestations.[1]
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome usually appear normal.
Vital Signs
- Tachycardia with regular pulse.
Skin
- Skin lesions in patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome classified into:[2]
- Cutaneous and
- Extracutaneous manifestations
Cutaneous manifestations
- The skin lesions are usually multifocal venous malformations which are dark blue in colour[3][4]
- These lesions vary from millimeters to centimeters in size and diameter
- Venous malformations number range from few to hundreds
- Skin lesions have been categorised into 3 types[5]
Extracutaneous manifestations
- Apart from skin the most commonly organ that is involved in patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is GI tract[6]
- In GI tract the most commonly involved region is small intestine[7]
- The venous malformations in GI tract are prone to bleeding[8][9]
- The bleeding of the venous malformations in GI tract may leads to iron deficiency anemia[10][11]
- In severe cases the bleeding might even leads to death[12]
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Blue rubber bleb nevus is positive in area like:[13]
Lungs
- Pulmonary hypertension is due thromboembolic events is noticed in some patients with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome.
References
- ↑ Jin XL, Wang ZH, Xiao XB, Huang LS, Zhao XY (December 2014). "Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report and literature review". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (45): 17254–9. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17254. PMC 4258599. PMID 25493043.
- ↑ Akutko K, Krzesiek E, Pytrus T, Iwańczak B (June 2012). "[Blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome--a rare cause of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract--case report]". Pol. Merkur. Lekarski (in Polish). 32 (192): 394–6. PMID 22891566.
- ↑ Jin XL, Wang ZH, Xiao XB, Huang LS, Zhao XY (December 2014). "Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report and literature review". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (45): 17254–9. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17254. PMC 4258599. PMID 25493043.
- ↑ Gawlikowska-Sroka A, Glura B, Mokrzycka M, Ociepa T (2016). "[Bean Syndrome (blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome)]". Pomeranian J Life Sci (in Polish). 62 (2): 5–7. PMID 29537205.
- ↑ Shin SH, Chae HS, Ji JS, Kim HK, Cho YS, Chang ED, Choi KY (December 2008). "A case of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome". Korean J. Intern. Med. 23 (4): 208–12. doi:10.3904/kjim.2008.23.4.208. PMC 2687681. PMID 19119258.
- ↑ Jin XL, Wang ZH, Xiao XB, Huang LS, Zhao XY (December 2014). "Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report and literature review". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (45): 17254–9. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17254. PMC 4258599. PMID 25493043.
- ↑ Shin SH, Chae HS, Ji JS, Kim HK, Cho YS, Chang ED, Choi KY (December 2008). "A case of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome". Korean J. Intern. Med. 23 (4): 208–12. doi:10.3904/kjim.2008.23.4.208. PMC 2687681. PMID 19119258.
- ↑ Gawlikowska-Sroka A, Glura B, Mokrzycka M, Ociepa T (2016). "[Bean Syndrome (blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome)]". Pomeranian J Life Sci (in Polish). 62 (2): 5–7. PMID 29537205.
- ↑ Rodrigues D, Bourroul ML, Ferrer AP, Monteiro Neto H, Gonçalves ME, Cardoso SR (2000). "Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome". Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 55 (1): 29–34. PMID 10881076.
- ↑ Lybecker MB, Stawowy M, Clausen N (December 2016). "Blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome: a rare cause of chronic occult blood loss and iron deficiency anaemia". BMJ Case Rep. 2016. doi:10.1136/bcr-2016-216963. PMID 27999128.
- ↑ Tang X, Gao J, Yang X, Guo X (June 2018). "A 10-year delayed diagnosis of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome characterized by refractory iron-deficiency anemia: A case report and literature review". Medicine (Baltimore). 97 (22): e10873. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000010873. PMID 29851802.
- ↑ Akutko K, Krzesiek E, Pytrus T, Iwańczak B (June 2012). "[Blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome--a rare cause of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract--case report]". Pol. Merkur. Lekarski (in Polish). 32 (192): 394–6. PMID 22891566.
- ↑ Shin SH, Chae HS, Ji JS, Kim HK, Cho YS, Chang ED, Choi KY (December 2008). "A case of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome". Korean J. Intern. Med. 23 (4): 208–12. doi:10.3904/kjim.2008.23.4.208. PMC 2687681. PMID 19119258.