Bronchitis epidemiology and demographics
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Bronchitis Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]; Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
Acute bronchitis affects young children and elderly patients. Its overall incidence is about 5% in the U.S. There is no racial or gender predilection for this disease.
Chronic bronchitis is common among geriatric patients. It occurs more commonly among Caucasian individuals compared to other races, but equally between males and females.
Epidemiology and demographics
Acute bronchitis is the 9th most common illness among outpatient visits in the U.S. It affects approximately 5% of adults in the U.S annually and it becomes more common during cold seasons. Generally, it depends on the season of the year, vaccination status and presence of an epidemic.[1][2][3] The number of chronic bronchitis cases as part of COPD in the US has increased by 41% since 1982, and COPD affects 1% to 3% of white women and 4% to 6% of white men. The prevalence of COPD is approximately 1 in 20 or 5%, totaling approximately 13.5 million people in USA.[4]
Age
- Acute bronchitis is more common in young children and elderly patients.
- Chronic bronchitis occurs in old ages especially in persons over 65 years old.
Gender
- Acute bronchitis affects men and women equally.
- Chronic bronchitis used to be more common among men rather than women, but the prevalence in women has risen due to changes in women's habitual status and increased amount of smoking, especially in last 20 years. Mortality in women has more than doubled over the past 20 years and now matches that in men.[5]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to the acute bronchitis.
- Chronic bronchitis mortality rates are higher among Caucasian individuals than among African Americans or individuals of other races.
References
- ↑ Macfarlane J, Holmes W, Gard P, Macfarlane R, Rose D, Weston V, Leinonen M, Saikku P, Myint S (2001). "Prospective study of the incidence, aetiology and outcome of adult lower respiratory tract illness in the community". Thorax. 56 (2): 109–14. PMC 1746009. PMID 11209098.
- ↑ Wenzel RP, Fowler AA (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (20): 2125–30. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp061493. PMID 17108344.
- ↑ Ferri FF. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2016, 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015.
- ↑ wrongdiagnosis.com > Prevalence and Incidence of COPD Retrieved on Mars 14, 2010
- ↑ Buist AS, McBurnie MA, Vollmer WM, Gillespie S, Burney P, Mannino DM, Menezes AM, Sullivan SD, Lee TA, Weiss KB, Jensen RL, Marks GB, Gulsvik A, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E (2007). "International variation in the prevalence of COPD (the BOLD Study): a population-based prevalence study". Lancet. 370 (9589): 741–50. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61377-4. PMID 17765523.