Burn epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1][[2]] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:Eman Alademi, M.D.[3]

Overview

Burn injuries is the most frequently observed form of scald (thermal) injuries, and it typically develops in Children, younger children and younger patients. An estimated 1,344,100 fires Americans of all ages have burn injuries. An estimated patients aged 20 and 30 years are the most prevalent age group . Burn injuries has been known to affect females more than males. people of low and middle income and people in low-income countries are more likely to develop burn injuries than older whites. Pulmonary complications following burns and inhalation injury are responsible for up to 77 percent of the deaths.

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • In the 10 years from 2008 to 2017, the incidence in the United States of burns is approximately 1,344,100 fires, resulting in deaths per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of 3190 civilian, 16,225 civilian injuries.
  • Patients of all age groups may develop burns injury, but flame and scale burns it’s commonly affects individuals Children and younger(children younger than five years old are more often injured with scald burns) than/older(More adults are injured with flame burns ). patients aged between 20 and 30 years are the most prevalent age group, representing 15 percent of cases [3]. Older adults are most likely to sustain a burn in the bathroom, followed by the kitchen[4] . Pediatric burns occur more commonly in the home (84 percent) when children are unsupervised (80 percent)[5][6] .
  • There is no racial predilection to burn injury.
  • Armed conflict increases the incidence of burns, as shown by a survey of burns in Baghdad that demonstrated a rise in incidence from 30 per 100,000 in 2003 to 117 per 100,000 after invasion[21]

References

  1. ↑ Stamm O, Latscha U, Janecek P, Campana A (1976) Development of a special electrode for continuous subcutaneous pH measurement in the infant scalp. Am J Obstet Gynecol 124 (2):193-5. DOI:10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33297-5 PMID: . 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2095-128. doi: 10.1 Lancet . 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2095-128. doi: 10.1
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Burn Evaluation And Management - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf".
  3. ↑ GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388 (10053):1459-1544. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 PMID: 27733281 PMID: 27733281
  4. ↑ Mabrouk A, Maher A, Nasser S (2003). "An epidemiologic study of elderly burn patients in Ain Shams University Burn Unit, Cairo, Egypt". Burns. 29 (7): 687–90. doi:10.1016/s0305-4179(03)00071-8. PMID 14556726.
  5. ↑ Forjuoh SN (2006). "Burns in low- and middle-income countries: a review of available literature on descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and prevention". Burns. 32 (5): 529–37. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2006.04.002. PMID 16777340.
  6. ↑ Rossi LA, Braga EC, Barruffini RC, Carvalho EC (1998). "Childhood burn injuries: circumstances of occurrences and their prevention in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil". Burns. 24 (5): 416–9. doi:10.1016/s0305-4179(98)00046-1. PMID 9725680.
  7. ↑ Ribeiro, Priscila S.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Mathers, Colin D.; Garcia-Moreno, Claudia (2008). "Priorities for women's health from the Global Burden of Disease study". International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 102 (1): 82–90. doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.01.025. ISSN 0020-7292.
  8. ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (2016) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet 388 (10053):1545-1602. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 PMID: 27733282 PMID: 27733282
  9. ↑ Haagsma, Juanita A; Graetz, Nicholas; Bolliger, Ian; Naghavi, Mohsen; Higashi, Hideki; Mullany, Erin C; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Abraham, Jerry Puthenpurakal; Adofo, Koranteng; Alsharif, Ubai; Ameh, Emmanuel A; Ammar, Walid; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T; Barrero, Lope H; Bekele, Tolesa; Bose, Dipan; Brazinova, Alexandra; Catalá-López, Ferrán; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I; De Leo, Diego; Degenhardt, Louisa; Derrett, Sarah; Dharmaratne, Samath D; Driscoll, Tim R; Duan, Leilei; Petrovich Ermakov, Sergey; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L; Franklin, Richard C; Gabbe, Belinda; Gosselin, Richard A; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hijar, Martha; Hu, Guoqing; Jayaraman, Sudha P; Jiang, Guohong; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Krishnaswami, Sanjay; Kulkarni, Chanda; Lecky, Fiona E; Leung, Ricky; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan Anthony; Majdan, Marek; Mason-Jones, Amanda J; Matzopoulos, Richard; Meaney, Peter A; Mekonnen, Wubegzier; Miller, Ted R; Mock, Charles N; Norman, Rosana E; Orozco, Ricardo; Polinder, Suzanne; Pourmalek, Farshad; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Refaat, Amany; Rojas-Rueda, David; Roy, Nobhojit; Schwebel, David C; Shaheen, Amira; Shahraz, Saeid; Skirbekk, Vegard; Søreide, Kjetil; Soshnikov, Sergey; Stein, Dan J; Sykes, Bryan L; Tabb, Karen M; Temesgen, Awoke Misganaw; Tenkorang, Eric Yeboah; Theadom, Alice M; Tran, Bach Xuan; Vasankari, Tommi J; Vavilala, Monica S; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Woldeyohannes, Solomon Meseret; Yip, Paul; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Younis, Mustafa Z; Yu, Chuanhua; Murray, Christopher J L; Vos, Theo; Balalla, Shivanthi; Phillips, Michael R (2016). "The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013". Injury Prevention. 22 (1): 3–18. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041616. ISSN 1353-8047.
  10. ↑ Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V | display-authors=etal (2012) Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380 (9859):2095-128. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 PMID: 23245604 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 PMID: 23245604 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0
  11. ↑ Rossi LA, Braga EC, Barruffini RC, Carvalho EC (1998). "Childhood burn injuries: circumstances of occurrences and their prevention in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil". Burns. 24 (5): 416–9. doi:10.1016/s0305-4179(98)00046-1. PMID 9725680.
  12. ↑ Forjuoh SN (1998). "The mechanisms, intensity of treatment, and outcomes of hospitalized burns: issues for prevention". J Burn Care Rehabil. 19 (5): 456–60. PMID 9789183.
  13. ↑ Forjuoh SN (1998). "The mechanisms, intensity of treatment, and outcomes of hospitalized burns: issues for prevention". J Burn Care Rehabil. 19 (5): 456–60. PMID 9789183.
  14. ↑ Híjar-Medina MC, Tapia-Yáñez JR, Lozano-Ascencio R, López-López MV (1992). "[Home accidents in children less than 10 years of age: causes and consequences]". Salud Publica Mex. 34 (6): 615–25. PMID 1475697.
  15. ↑ Sanghavi P, Bhalla K, Das V (2009). "Fire-related deaths in India in 2001: a retrospective analysis of data". Lancet. 373 (9671): 1282–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60235-X. PMID 19250664.
  16. ↑ Ryan CM, Schoenfeld DA, Thorpe WP, Sheridan RL, Cassem EH, Tompkins RG (1998). "Objective estimates of the probability of death from burn injuries". N Engl J Med. 338 (6): 362–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM199802053380604. PMID 9449729 PMID: 9449729 Check |pmid= value (help).
  17. ↑ Darling GE, Keresteci MA, Ibañez D, Pugash RA, Peters WJ, Neligan PC (1996). "Pulmonary complications in inhalation injuries with associated cutaneous burn". J Trauma. 40 (1): 83–9. doi:10.1097/00005373-199601000-00016. PMID 8577005.
  18. ↑ Carr JA, Phillips BD, Bowling WM (2009). "The utility of bronchoscopy after inhalation injury complicated by pneumonia in burn patients: results from the National Burn Repository". J Burn Care Res. 30 (6): 967–74. doi:10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181bfb77b. PMID 19826269.
  19. ↑ Guo F, Chen XL, Wang YJ, Wang F, Chen XY, Sun YX (2009). "Management of burns of over 80% of total body surface area: a comparative study". Burns. 35 (2): 210–4. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2008.05.021. PMID 18786768.
  20. ↑ Shirani KZ, Pruitt BA, Mason AD (1987). "The influence of inhalation injury and pneumonia on burn mortality". Ann Surg. 205 (1): 82–7. doi:10.1097/00000658-198701000-00015. PMC 1492872. PMID 3800465.
  21. ↑ Stewart BT, Lafta R, Esa Al Shatari SA, Cherewick M, Burnham G, Hagopian A; et al. (2016). "Burns in Baghdad from 2003 to 2014: Results of a randomized household cluster survey". Burns. 42 (1): 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2015.10.002. PMC 4724468. PMID 26526376.

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