Cardiotoxicity

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editor in Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart muscle damage. The heart becomes weaker and is not as efficient in pumping and therefore circulating blood. Cardiotoxicity may be caused by chemotherapy treatment, complications from anorexia nervosa, drugs or chemical toxins.

Cobalt

• Congestive heart failure

Cocaine

• Coronary thrombosis
• Arrhythmias
• Myocardial infarction
• Coronary vasoconstriction

Chemotherapeutic agents

• Epirubicin

• Congestive heart failure
• Cardiomyopathy

• Daunorubicin liposome

• Pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade, ventricular extrasystoles, cardiac arrest, sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarction, supraventricular tachycardia, and angina pectoris.

Interferon alpha

• Arrhythmias
• Dilated cardiomyopathy
• Congestive heart failure

Interleukin-2

• Myocardial ischemia
• Myocardial infarction
• Arrhythmias
• Eosinophilic myocarditis

Phenothiazines

• Electrocardiographic changes
• Arrhythmias
• Sudden cardiac death

Emetine

• Mononuclear and histiocyte infiltration
• Electrocardiographic abnormalities

Methysergide

• Left-sided valvular lesions
• Fibrotic endocardial lesions
• Fibrotic pericardial lesions
• Restriction
• Pericardial constriction

Chloroquine

• Arrhythmias
• Cardiac dysfunction

Lithium

• Arrhythmias
• Cardiac dilatation with myofibrillar degeneration

Hydrocarbons

• Electrocardiographic changes
• Arrhythmias
• Cardiomegaly

Lead

• Electrocardiographic changes
• Arrhythmias
• Congestive heart failure

Carbon monoxide

• Arrhythmias
• Transient biventricular dysfunction

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

• Pericardial effusion in chronic exposure
• Edema PCBs may interfere with tissue permeability or cardiac function or both.

Barbiturates

• Bradycardia

Cyclophosphamide

• Myocarditis
• Myopericarditis
• Pericardial effusion
• Cardiac tamponade
• Congestive heart failure
• Supraventricular arrhythmias
• Ventricular arrhythmias

See also

• Heart failure

External Links

• Chemocare.com: [3]

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