Chest pain secondary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aisha Adigun, B.Sc., M.D.[2] Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[3]
Overview
Secondary prevention of chest pain depends on the cause for instance, risk factor modification remains essential part of the secondary prevention strategy in chronic stable angina. Secondary prevention of chest pain caused by GERD is avoiding food that worsens the symptoms, smoking cessation, weight loss, eating frequent meals, and head raising of the bed while sleeping.
Secondary Prevention
Secondary prevention of chest pain depend on the cause:
- Secondary prevention of chest pain due to chronic stable angina, risk factor modification remains an urgent and essential part of secondary prevention strategy. ACC/AHA states that Identifying and, when present, treating Category I risk factors can be an optimal secondary prevention strategy in patients with chronic stable angina. You can read more about general coronary heart disease secondary prevention, here.
- Secondary prevention of myocarditis include:[1][2]
- Clinical evaluation
- ECG
- Echocardiography
- CMR, cardiac CT scan, nuclear assessment in patients that echocardiography is undiagnostic
- Patients should undergo cardiac function assessment at one and six months and yearly after that.
- Secondary prevention of GERD include the following:[3]
- Avoiding foods and beverages that worsen symptoms.
- Smoking cessation
- Weight loss
- Eating frequent and small meals
- Avoid lying down for 3 hours after a meal.
- Head raising of the bed while sleeping by securing wood blocks under the bedposts not only extra pillows
- chest pain due to pneumonia can be prevented by smoking cessation, vaccination against pneumococcal, and influenza are the commonly used methods.[4]
You can read in greater detail about each of the risk factor modification topic below by clicking on the link for that topic:
- Smoking Cessation
- Weight Management
- Physical Activity
- Lipid Management
- BP Control
- Diabetes Control
- Management of psychological factors
- Alcohal consumption
- Avoidance of air pollution
- Additional therapy to reduce risk of MI and death
- Influneza Vaccination
References
- ↑ Caforio, A. L. P.; Pankuweit, S.; Arbustini, E.; Basso, C.; Gimeno-Blanes, J.; Felix, S. B.; Fu, M.; Helio, T.; Heymans, S.; Jahns, R.; Klingel, K.; Linhart, A.; Maisch, B.; McKenna, W.; Mogensen, J.; Pinto, Y. M.; Ristic, A.; Schultheiss, H.-P.; Seggewiss, H.; Tavazzi, L.; Thiene, G.; Yilmaz, A.; Charron, P.; Elliott, P. M. (2013). "Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases". European Heart Journal. 34 (33): 2636–2648. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht210. ISSN 0195-668X.
- ↑ C. L. Miklozek, E. M. Kingsley, C. S. Crumpaker, J. F. Modlin, H. D. Royal, P. C. Come, R. Mark & W. H. Abelmann (1986). "Serial cardiac function tests in myocarditis". Postgraduate medical journal. 62 (728): 577–579. doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.728.577. PMID 3774697. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ DeVault KR, Castell DO, American College of Gastroenterology (2005). "Updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Am J Gastroenterol. 100 (1): 190–200. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41217.x. PMID 15654800.
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1999;48(RR-4):1–28. PMID 10366138.