Commotio cordis echocardiography or ultrasound
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Hadipour, M.D.[2]
Overview
Echocardiography can aid in the diagnosis of specific cardiac injuries in commotio cordis. Doppler echocardiography can be used to diagnose coronary artery rupture. whereas, transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography can help identify pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade and cardiac lacerations. It may reveal contusion over the left or right ventricle, indicating the presence of significant chest wall trauma. Also, Follow-up and monitoring of the resolution of pericardial effusion and assess any changes in cardiac function over time can be achieved by echocardiography. It may be helpful for risk stratification and prognosis as well. It is important to note that echocardiography should be performed promptly after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients who have experienced cardiac arrest.
Echocardiography or ultrasound
Echocardiography holds a vital role in both diagnosing and assessing commotio cordis. By employing echocardiography, potential structural anomalies or heart injuries caused by the impact can be detected. It is important to note that commotio cordis is a diagnosis of exclusion, as structural cardiac damage should be ruled out. Furthermore, echocardiography enables an evaluation of heart functionality and the identification of indications for pericardial effusion or additional complications.
Echocardiography can aid in the diagnosis of specific cardiac injuries.
- Doppler echocardiography:
- Can be used to diagnose coronary artery rupture.
- Transthoracic or Transesophageal echocardiography:
- Can help identify pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade and cardiac lacerations
- May reveal contusion over the left or right ventricle, indicating the presence of significant chest wall trauma
- Follow-up and monitor the resolution of pericardial effusion and assess any changes in cardiac function over time
- Information for risk stratification and prognosis
These diagnostic capabilities are particularly important in severe cases of blunt chest trauma, as emergency thoracotomy may be required for immediate surgical repair of cardiac injuries.
It is important to note that echocardiography should be performed promptly after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients who have experienced cardiac arrest. Delayed echocardiography may result in missed diagnoses and delayed treatment of conditions such as post-arrest myocardial dysfunction (PAMD). Rapid echocardiography is necessary for the timely diagnosis of PAMD and the identification of reversible causes of in-hospital cardiac arrest[1][2][3][4][5].
References
- ↑ Scanaliato JP, Wells ME, Dunn JC, Garcia EJ (December 2021). "Overview of Sport-Specific Injuries". Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 29 (4): 185–190. doi:10.1097/JSA.0000000000000312. PMID 34730116 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Maringhini G, Fasullo S, Vitrano G, Terrazzino G, Ganci F, Paterna S, Di Pasqual P (December 2012). "Commotio cordis without arrhythmic event and resuscitation: ECG, echocardiographic, angiographic and cardiovascular resonance imaging study". BMJ Case Rep. 2012. doi:10.1136/bcr-03-2011-3968. PMC 4543299. PMID 23234817.
- ↑ Turk EE, Tsang YW, Champaneri A, Pueschel K, Byard RW (August 2010). "Cardiac injuries in car occupants in fatal motor vehicle collisions--an autopsy-based study". J Forensic Leg Med. 17 (6): 339–43. doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2010.05.005. PMID 20650425.
- ↑ Song IA, Cha JK, Oh TK, Jo YH, Yoon YE (January 2020). "Two-dimensional echocardiography after return of spontaneous circulation and its association with in-hospital survival after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation". Sci Rep. 10 (1): 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56153-z. PMC 6949305 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31913310. - ↑ Krexi L, Sheppard MN (April 2018). "Blow/trauma to the chest and sudden cardiac death: Commotio cordis and contusio cordis are leading causes". Med Sci Law. 58 (2): 93–96. doi:10.1177/0025802418754961. PMID 29360016.