Deafness causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[2]
Common Causes
Temporary hearing loss can be caused by:
- The build-up of wax in the ear canal
- Foreign body lodged in the ear canal
- Injury to the head
- Allergy
- Blocked Eustachian tubes
- Scarred or perforated eardrum
- Ear infections (chronic otitis externa, chronic otitis media, malignant otitis externa)
- Reaction to medication such as aminoglycosides, chloroquine, quinidine
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Congenital | Rubella syndrome; Congenital atresia of the external auditory canal; Congenital cytomegalovirus;[Congenital perilymphatic fistula; Fetal methyl mercury effects; Fetal iodine deficiency effects |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Ethacrynic Acid, Pramipexole, Vinblastine |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | Any occupation with exposure to loud noises on a continuous day-to-day basis can result in hearing loss due to nerve end damage. Increased attention to conditions in the work environment has markedly decreased the likelihood of work-related hearing loss. See Noise-induced hearing loss. |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | Osteogenesis imperfecta; Leopard syndrome (multiple lentigines syndrome); Otosclerosis; Robinson type ectodermal dysplasia; Cockayne syndrome; Bjorn pili torti and deafness syndrome; Multiple synostosis syndrome; Hunter syndrome; Taybi oto-palato-digital syndrome; Hereditary nephritis; Mohr syndrome; Hurler syndrome; Waardenburg syndrome; Kartagener syndrome; Fronto-metaphyseal dysplasia syndrome; Morquio syndrome; Trisomy 13 S; Treacher Collins syndrome; Stickler syndrome |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | Meningitis; Mumps; Measles; Ear infection (otitis media); Scarlet fever |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | Aminoglycoside antibiotics; Ethacrynic acid - oral; Aspirin; Chloroquine; Quinidine |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | Traumatic perforation of the eardrum; Skull fracture (temporal bone); Acoustic trauma such as from explosions, fireworks, gunfire, rock concerts, and earphones; Barotrauma (differences in pressure) |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Meniere's disease; Acoustic neuroma; Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) |