Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings
|
Disseminated intravascular coagulation Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Disseminated intravascular coagulation from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings |
|
FDA on Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings |
|
CDC on Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings |
|
Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings in the news |
|
Blogs on Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include decreased platelets, increased fibrin degradation products, increased D-dimer, increased bleeding time, and decreased fibrinogen levels. Peripheral smear shows schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%, mild reticulocytosis, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover). Clotting factors include normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin), elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products. D-dimer more sensitive and specific for DIC. Antithrombin levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC.
Laboratory findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include:[1]
Full blood count:
- Decreased platelets
Peripheral smear
- Schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%
- Mild reticulocytosis
- Leukocytosis
- Thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover)
Clotting factors
- Elevated prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time
- Normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time can be seen in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin)[2]
- Elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products
- Elevated D-dimer which is more sensitive and specific for DIC[3]
- Reduced antithrombin levels, which have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC
- Increased bleeding time
- Decreased fibrinogen level
References
- ↑ Venugopal A (September 2014). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation". Indian J Anaesth. 58 (5): 603–8. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.144666. PMC 4260307. PMID 25535423.
- ↑ Favaloro EJ (June 2010). "Laboratory testing in disseminated intravascular coagulation". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 36 (4): 458–67. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1254055. PMID 20614398.
- ↑ Levi M, Meijers JC (January 2011). "DIC: which laboratory tests are most useful". Blood Rev. 25 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1016/j.blre.2010.09.002. PMID 20950905.