Endometriosis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2], Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]
Overview
Endometriosis is a condition affecting women in the reproductive age group. Patients with endometriosis may have a positive family history, presence of congenital cervical stenosis, or obstructive lesions in the uterovaginal tract. The presenting features include cyclical abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, pain with passing stools, and pain with intercourse.
History and Symptoms
History
Patients with endometriosis may have a positive family history, presence of congenital cervical stenosis, or obstructive lesions in the uterovaginal tract.[1][2]
Symptoms
The most common symptom of endometriosis is a cyclical, severe lower abdominal pain with menorrhagia. The following is a list of common presenting symptoms in a patient with endometriosis:[3][4][5]
Common Symptoms
- Chronic pelvic pain - this is controversial[6] Deeply Infiltrative Endometriosis may be more important
- Dysmenorrhea
- Dull or cramping pelvic pain that begins two days before menstruation and persists through and after menses
- Dyspareunia
- Dyschezia
- Dysuria and hematuria
- Premenstrual or intermenstrual spotting (bleeding between periods)
- The onset of pain is prior to the first day of menstrual cycle and continues for two to three days after the last day of the cycle[7]
- Prolonged menstrual bleeding and (Menorrhagia)
Less common symptoms
- Cyclical rectal bleeding in colorectal endometriosis
- Infertility
- Nausea and vomiting
- Patients with endometriotic cyst or mass in the ovary may present with an acute abdomen
- Endometrial cysts in the thoracic cavity may cause thoracic endometriosis syndrome (catamenial pneumothorax)
- Presents as recurrent, self-resolving chest pain and breathlessness primarily seen before menstruation[8]
References
- ↑ Thomsen LH, Schnack TH, Buchardi K, Hummelshoj L, Missmer SA, Forman A; et al. (2017). "Risk factors of epithelial ovarian carcinomas among women with endometriosis: a systematic review". Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 96 (6): 761–778. doi:10.1111/aogs.13010. PMID 27565819.
- ↑ Lassus H, Pasanen A, Bützow R (2015). "[Is endometriosis a premalignant condition to ovarian carcinoma?]". Duodecim. 131 (19): 1777–84. PMID 26638662.
- ↑ Murphy AA (2002). "Clinical aspects of endometriosis". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 955: 1–10, discussion 34-6, 396–406. PMID 11949938.
- ↑ McDonald JS (2001). "Diagnosis and treatment issues of chronic pelvic pain". World J Urol. 19 (3): 200–7. PMID 11469608.
- ↑ Cranney R, Condous G, Reid S (2017). "An update on the diagnosis, surgical management, and fertility outcomes for women with endometrioma". Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 96 (6): 633–643. doi:10.1111/aogs.13114. PMID 28186620.
- ↑ Stout AL, Steege JF, Dodson WC, Hughes CL (1991). "Relationship of laparoscopic findings to self-report of pelvic pain". Am J Obstet Gynecol. 164 (1 Pt 1): 73–9. PMID 1824741.
- ↑ Morotti M, Vincent K, Becker CM (2017). "Mechanisms of pain in endometriosis". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 209: 8–13. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.07.497. PMID 27522645.
- ↑ Marjański T, Sowa K, Czapla A, Rzyman W (2016). "Catamenial pneumothorax - a review of the literature". Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 13 (2): 117–21. doi:10.5114/kitp.2016.61044. PMC 4971265. PMID 27516783.