Epistaxis laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amir Behzad Bagheri, M.D.
Overview
Laboratory findings are usually normal among patients with epistaxis, but when bleeding is heavy or physician is suspicious to coagulopathy, the following tests should be performed: CBC, PT, PTT, BT.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings are usually normal among patients with epistaxis, but when bleeding is heavy or physician is suspicious to coagulopathy, the following studies should be considered:[1] [2] [3]
- Complete blood count (CBC): Reduced hemoglobin level is important for bleeding management in patients with heavy and recurrent epistaxis.
- Platelet count: Reduced platelet count is important to find the cause and for the management of patients with heavy and recurrent epistaxis.
- Prothrombin time (PT): Increased PT is important to find the cause and management patients with heavy and recurrent epistaxis.
- Partial thromboplastin time (PTT): Increases PTT is important evaluate if there is any coagulopathy and for the management of such patients.
- Bleeding time (BT): Increased BT is also important to evaluate for coagulopathies and management.
These laboratory tests should be requested in the presence of red flags such as:
- The following findings are of particular concern:
- Hemorrhagic shock or hypovolemic signs
- Use of anticoagulants
- Cutaneous signs of a bleeding disorder
- Persistent bleeding or bleeding that is not stopped by direct pressure or vasoconstrictor-soaked pledgets
- Multiple recurrences with no clear cause
References
- ↑ Krulewitz, Neil Alexander; Fix, Megan Leigh (2019). "Epistaxis". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 37 (1): 29–39. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2018.09.005. ISSN 0733-8627.
- ↑ Thornton, M A.; Mahesh, B N.; Lang, J (2005). "Posterior Epistaxis: Identification of Common Bleeding Sites". The Laryngoscope. 115 (4): 588–590. doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000161365.96685.6c. ISSN 0023-852X.
- ↑ Recht, Michael; Chitlur, Meera; Lam, Derek; Sarnaik, Syana; Rajpurkar, Madhvi; Cooper, David L.; Gunawardena, Sriya (2017). "Epistaxis as a Common Presenting Symptom of Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia, a Rare Qualitative Platelet Disorder: Illustrative Case Examples". Case Reports in Emergency Medicine. 2017: 1–6. doi:10.1155/2017/8796425. ISSN 2090-648X.