FPGS

Folylpolyglutamate synthase
Identifiers
Symbols	FPGS ;
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 6997
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Folylpolyglutamate synthase, also known as FPGS, is a human gene.

This gene encodes the folylpolyglutamate synthetase enzyme. This enzyme has a central role in establishing and maintaining both cytosolic and mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate concentrations and, therefore, is essential for folate homeostasis and the survival of proliferating cells. This enzyme catalyzes the ATP-dependent addition of glutamate moieties to folate and folate derivatives. While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been biologically validated to date. These two variants encode distinct isoforms.

Further reading

• Garrow TA, Admon A, Shane B (1992). "Expression cloning of a human cDNA encoding folylpoly(gamma-glutamate) synthetase and determination of its primary structure". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (19): 9151–5. PMID 1409616.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Cichowicz DJ, Shane B (1987). "Mammalian folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase. 1. Purification and general properties of the hog liver enzyme". Biochemistry. 26 (2): 504–12. PMID 3828320.
• Jones C, Kao FT, Taylor RT (1981). "Chromosomal assignment of the gene for folylpolyglutamate synthetase to human chromosome 9". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 28 (3): 181–94. PMID 6934068.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Freemantle SJ, Taylor SM, Krystal G, Moran RG (1995). "Upstream organization of and multiple transcripts from the human folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase gene". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (16): 9579–84. PMID 7721888.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Taylor SM, Freemantle SJ, Moran RG (1996). "Structural organization of the human folypoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase gene: evidence for a single genomic locus". Cancer Res. 55 (24): 6030–4. PMID 8521387.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Chen L, Qi H, Korenberg J; et al. (1996). "Purification and properties of human cytosolic folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase and organization, localization, and differential splicing of its gene". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (22): 13077–87. PMID 8662720.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Freemantle SJ, Moran RG (1997). "Transcription of the human folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase gene". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (40): 25373–9. PMID 9312158.
• McGuire JJ, Russell CA, Balinska M (2000). "Human cytosolic and mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate synthetase are electrophoretically distinct. Expression in antifolate-sensitive and -resistant human cell lines". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (17): 13012–6. PMID 10777604.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Turner FB, Taylor SM, Moran RG (2000). "Expression patterns of the multiple transcripts from the folylpolyglutamate synthetase gene in human leukemias and normal differentiated tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (46): 35960–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005228200. PMID 10964921.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Leclerc GJ, Barredo JC (2001). "Folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase gene mRNA splice variants and protein expression in primary human leukemia cells, cell lines, and normal human tissues". Clin. Cancer Res. 7 (4): 942–51. PMID 11309345.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wang Y, Zhao R, Goldman ID (2003). "Decreased expression of the reduced folate carrier and folypolyglutamate synthetase is the basis for acquired resistance to the pemetrexed antifolate (LY231514) in an L1210 murine leukemia cell line". Biochem. Pharmacol. 65 (7): 1163–70. PMID 12663051.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Odin E, Wettergren Y, Nilsson S; et al. (2004). "Altered gene expression of folate enzymes in adjacent mucosa is associated with outcome of colorectal cancer patients". Clin. Cancer Res. 9 (16 Pt 1): 6012–9. PMID 14676127.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wettergren Y, Odin E, Nilsson S; et al. (2006). "Low expression of reduced folate carrier-1 and folylpolyglutamate synthase correlates with lack of a deleted in colorectal carcinoma mRNA splice variant in normal-appearing mucosa of colorectal carcinoma patients". Cancer Detect. Prev. 29 (4): 348–55. doi:10.1016/j.cdp.2005.06.006. PMID 16122883.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nair JR, McGuire JJ (2005). "Submitochondrial localization of the mitochondrial isoform of folylpolyglutamate synthetase in CCRF-CEM human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1746 (1): 38–44. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2005.08.004. PMID 16169100.
• Leclerc GJ, Leclerc GM, Kinser TT, Barredo JC (2006). "Analysis of folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase gene expression in human B-precursor ALL and T-lineage ALL cells". BMC Cancer. 6: 132. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-6-132. PMID 16707018.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)