First pharyngeal arch

	WikiDoc Resources for First pharyngeal arch
Articles
Most recent articles on First pharyngeal arch Most cited articles on First pharyngeal arch Review articles on First pharyngeal arch Articles on First pharyngeal arch in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on First pharyngeal arch Images of First pharyngeal arch Photos of First pharyngeal arch Podcasts & MP3s on First pharyngeal arch Videos on First pharyngeal arch
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on First pharyngeal arch Bandolier on First pharyngeal arch TRIP on First pharyngeal arch
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on First pharyngeal arch at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on First pharyngeal arch Clinical Trials on First pharyngeal arch at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on First pharyngeal arch NICE Guidance on First pharyngeal arch NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on First pharyngeal arch CDC on First pharyngeal arch
Books
Books on First pharyngeal arch
News
First pharyngeal arch in the news Be alerted to news on First pharyngeal arch News trends on First pharyngeal arch
Commentary
Blogs on First pharyngeal arch
Definitions
Definitions of First pharyngeal arch
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on First pharyngeal arch Discussion groups on First pharyngeal arch Patient Handouts on First pharyngeal arch Directions to Hospitals Treating First pharyngeal arch Risk calculators and risk factors for First pharyngeal arch
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of First pharyngeal arch Causes & Risk Factors for First pharyngeal arch Diagnostic studies for First pharyngeal arch Treatment of First pharyngeal arch
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on First pharyngeal arch
International
First pharyngeal arch en Espanol First pharyngeal arch en Francais
Business
First pharyngeal arch in the Marketplace Patents on First pharyngeal arch
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to First pharyngeal arch

Template:Infobox Anatomy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The first branchial arch, also called the first pharyngeal arch and mandibular arch, is the first of six branchial arches that develops in fetal life. It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove.

Processes

This arch divides into a maxillary process and a mandibular process, giving rise to structures including the bones of the lower two-thirds of the face and the jaw. The maxillary process becomes the maxilla (or upper jaw), and palate while the mandibular process becomes the lower jaw. This arch also gives rise to the muscles of mastication.

Innervation of the two processes of the first branchial arch is provided by two distinct branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V),^[1] the mandibular and maxillary branches. The artery of the first arch is the first aortic arch,^[2] which partially persists as the maxillary artery.

Meckel's cartilage

Meckel's cartilage forms in the mesoderm of the mandibular process and eventually regresses to form the incus and malleus of the middle ear; the anterior ligament of the malleus and the sphenomandibular ligament. The mandible or lower jaw forms by intramembranous ossification using Meckel's cartilage as a 'template', but the mandible does not arise from direct ossification of Meckel's cartilage.

Derivatives of the first arch

Derivatives of the first arch:

Ectodermal and endodermal
- mucous membrane and glands of the anterior two thirds of the tongue
Mesodermal
- muscles of mastication (chewing)
  - masseter
  - pterygoid muscles
  - temporalis muscles
- mylohyoid muscle
- digastric muscle, anterior belly
- tensor palati muscle
- tensor tympani muscle

Additional images

Human embryo from thirty-one to thirty-four days.
Head end of human embryo, about the end of the fourth week.
Floor of pharynx of embryo between 18 and 21 days.
Head end of human embryo of about thirty to thirty-one days.
The head and neck of a human embryo thirty-two days old, seen from the ventral surface.