Gatifloxacin microbiology
| Gatifloxacin |
|---|
| GATIFLOXACIN®,ZYMAXID®,ZYMAR® FDA Package Insert |
| Description |
| Clinical Pharmacology |
| Microbiology |
| Indications and Usage |
| Contraindications |
| Warnings and Precautions |
| Adverse Reactions |
| Clinical Studies |
| Dosage and Administration |
| How Supplied |
| Labels and Packages |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdurahman Khalil, M.D. [2]
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Gatifloxacin is an 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone with a 3-methylpiperazinyl substituent at C7. The antibacterial action of gatifloxacin results from inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme that is involved in the replication, transcription, and repair of bacterial DNA. Topoisomerase IV is an enzyme known to play a key role in the partitioning of the chromosomal DNA during bacterial cell division. The mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones including gatifloxacin is different from that of aminoglycoside, macrolide, and tetracycline antibiotics. Therefore, gatifloxacin may be active against pathogens that are resistant to these antibiotics and these antibiotics may be active against pathogens that are resistant to gatifloxacin. There is no cross-resistance between gatifloxacin and the aforementioned classes of antibiotics. Cross resistance has been observed between systemic gatifloxacin and some other fluoroquinolones.
Resistance to gatifloxacin in vitro develops via multiple-step mutations. Resistance to gatifloxacin in vitro occurs at a general frequency of 1 x 10-7 to 10-10.
Gatifloxacin has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following organisms both microbiologically and clinically, in conjunctival infections as described in the [[INDICATIONS AND USAGE|Gatifloxacin indication and usage], Section 1.
Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus mitis group* Streptococcus oralis* Streptococcus pneumoniae
Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria:
- Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
References
http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=1160b16c-929a-4e85-9c0b-1d8c96a7678b