Glomerular basement membrane

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The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes , separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas.

Layers

The GBM contains three layers:

Layer	Location	Composition	Function
lamina rara externa	adjacent to podocyte processes	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge
lamina densa	dark central zone	type 4 collagen and laminin	blocks by size (MW > 69,000)
lamina rara interna	adjacent to endothelial cells	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge

Pathology

• Goodpasture's syndrome is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by antibodies.

• Nephrotic syndrome is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, and hyperlipidemia.

• Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by insulin deficiency or resultant hyperglycemia.

See also

• basement membrane
• nephrin

External links

• glomerular+basement+membrane at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• "The GBM and its disorders" at dmed.ed.ac.uk
• Histology at harvard.edu
• Structure at wramc.army.mi