Goiter surgery

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Thyroid surgery may be advised in cases of goiter and depends upon the symptoms and adverse effects associated with the development of goiter such as, compression related symptoms, thyroid hyper-function and thyroid cancer.

Thyroid surgery may be advised in cases of goiter and depends upon the symptoms and adverse effects associated with the development of goiter such as, compression related symptoms, thyroid hyper-function and thyroid cancer.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Thyroid surgery involves thyroid lobectomy/hemi-thyroidectomy OR total thyroidectomy, depending on whether goiter or nodule is cancerous or not.
Surgery helps relieve symptoms related to compression such as dysphagia, hoarseness, cough and dyspnea.
Thyroid surgery helps supress the thyroid gland overactivity seen in goiter or thyroid nodules.

Types of thyroid surgery (thyroidectomy) advised based on the condition:
- Subtotal thyroidectomy
- Near-total thyroidectomy
- Total thyroidectomy
- Thyroid nodulectomy

Preoperative indications:
- Thyroid functional status should be determined
- The patient should be brought to a euthyroid state

Indications for surgery:
- Cosmetic concerns
- Pressure symptoms
- Suspected malignancy
- Toxic goitre

↑ Heimann, P. (1968). "Pathophysiological Aspects on Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Disease". 7: 1–55. doi:10.1159/000386297. ISSN 0079-6824.
↑ Ríos, Antonio (2005). "Surgical Management of Multinodular Goiter With Compression Symptoms". Archives of Surgery. 140 (1): 49. doi:10.1001/archsurg.140.1.49. ISSN 0272-5533.
↑ Jackson, Arnold S. (1924). "CONCLUSIONS BASED ON A STUDY OF FOUR THOUSAND CASES OF GOITER*". Endocrinology. 8 (4): 525–531. doi:10.1210/endo-8-4-525. ISSN 0013-7227.
↑ De Courcy, Joseph L. (1924). "SURGERY OF THE THYROID". Endocrinology. 8 (3): 420–426. doi:10.1210/endo-8-3-420. ISSN 0013-7227.
↑ Blair, Edward G. (1924). "SECONDARY OPERATIONS FOR GOITRE". Endocrinology. 8 (3): 448–455. doi:10.1210/endo-8-3-448. ISSN 0013-7227.
↑ Taylor, Selwyn (1953). "THE EVOLUTION OF NODULAR GOITER". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 13 (10): 1232–1247. doi:10.1210/jcem-13-10-1232. ISSN 0021-972X.
↑ Martin, Hayes (1954). "The surgery of thyroid tumors". Cancer. 7 (6): 1063–1099. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(195411)7:6<1063::AID-CNCR2820070603>3.0.CO;2-Z. ISSN 0008-543X.
↑ Beahrs, Oliver H.; Ryan, Robert F.; White, Roy A. (1956). "COMPLICATIONS OF THYROID SURGERY*". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 16 (11): 1456–1469. doi:10.1210/jcem-16-11-1456. ISSN 0021-972X.