HIV associated nephropathy prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shakiba Hassanzadeh, MD[2]
Overview
HIV-positive patients should be screened for chronic kidney disease (CKD).[1] Interventions in HIV-positive patients with renal disease should be done in order to slow the progress and prevent end stage renal disease (ESRD) and they should be referred to a nephrologist.[2]
HIV Associated Nephropathy Prevention
- HIV-positive patients should be screened for chronic kidney disease (CKD) with the following measurements since it will improve the outcomes.[1]
- Blood pressure measurment
- Checking of Cr and GFR (kidney function)
- Checking of proteinuria on urine examination
- Administration and monitoring of cART and/or ACE inhibitors/ARBs
- In patients with HIV associated nephropathy the following interventions should be done in order to slow the progress of kidney disease and prevent end stage renal disease (ESRD):[2]
- Blood pressure control (ACE inhibitors or ARBs)
- Diabetes control
- Avoidance of nephrotoxic drugs
- Smoking cessation
- Dyslipidemia treatment
- HIV-positive patients with renal disease should be referred to a nephrologist for the following reasons:[2]
- Early management of CKD
- Disease progression monitoring
- Monitoring of complications
- Preparation for dialysis
- Preparation for kidney transplantation
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Palau L, Menez S, Rodriguez-Sanchez J, Novick T, Delsante M, McMahon BA; et al. (2018). "HIV-associated nephropathy: links, risks and management". HIV AIDS (Auckl). 10: 73–81. doi:10.2147/HIV.S141978. PMC 5975615. PMID 29872351.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fine DM, Perazella MA, Lucas GM, Atta MG (2008). "Kidney biopsy in HIV: beyond HIV-associated nephropathy". Am J Kidney Dis. 51 (3): 504–14. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.12.005. PMID 18295067.