Hepatorenal syndrome risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]
Overview
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) develops on the background of advanced liver disease. HRS may occur spontaneously mostly in type 2 HRS and may be precipitated in >70% of cases of type 1 HRS.
Risk Factors
HRS may occur spontaneously mostly in type 2 HRS and may be precipitated in >70% of cases of type 1 HRS.[1]
Risk factors include:
- Blood pressure that falls when a person rises or suddenly changes position (orthostatic hypotension),
- Use of medicines called diuretics ("water pill"),
- Gastrointestinal bleeding,
- Infection,
- Large volume abdominal fluid tap (paracentesis), [2]
- Fulminant hepatic failure,
- Severe acute alcohol-related hepatitis,
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), [3]
- Oxidative stress,
- Fluid loss.
References
- ↑ Wadei HM, Mai ML, Ahsan N, Gonwa TA (2006). "Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology and management". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 1 (5): 1066–79. doi:10.2215/CJN.01340406. PMID 17699328.
- ↑ Wadei HM, Mai ML, Ahsan N, Gonwa TA (2006). "Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology and management". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 1 (5): 1066–79. doi:10.2215/CJN.01340406. PMID 17699328.
- ↑ Follo A, Llovet JM, Navasa M, Planas R, Forns X, Francitorra A; et al. (1994). "Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis". Hepatology. 20 (6): 1495–501. PMID 7982650.