Hirsutism causes
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Hirsutism causes On the Web |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2] Rasam Hajiannasab M.D.[3]
Overview
The cause of hirsutism can be either an increased level of androgens (male hormones) or an oversensitivity of hair follicles to androgens, and the most common cause is polycystic ovary syndrome. Male hormones such as testosterone stimulate hair growth, increase size and intensify the pigmentation of hair. Other symptoms associated with a high level of male hormones include acne and deepening of the voice and increased muscle mass. Growing evidence implicates high circulating levels of insulin in women to the development of hirsutism. This theory is consistent with the observation that obese (and thus presumably insulin resistant hyperinsulinemic) women are at high risk of becoming hirsute. Further, treatments that lower insulin levels will lead to a reduction in hirsutism.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
- There are no known life threatening causes of hirsutism.
Common Causes
- Androgen secreting tumors [1]
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Cushing's syndrome
- Idiopathic hirsutism
- Polycystic ovary syndrome [2]
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- 11β-hydroxylase deficiency
- 21-hydroxylase deficiency
- Achard-Thiers syndrome
- Acromegaly
- Adrenal adenoma
- Adrenal carcinoma
- Adrenal tumor
- Alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency
- Ambras syndrome
- Aripiprazole
- Arrhenoblastoma
- Bimatoprost
- Bupropion
- Carbamazepine
- Clonazepam
- Coffin-Siris syndrome
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
- Corticosteroids
- Cortisone reductase deficiency
- Cushing syndrome
- Cushing's disease
- Cyclosporine
- Danazol
- Dantrolene
- Dermatomyositis
- Desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol
- Dexamethasone
- Diazoxide
- Donepezil
- Estrogens
- Eszopiclone
- Ethosuximide
- Ethotoin
- Ethynodiol diacetate and ethinyl estradiol
- Fluoxetine
- Fluoxymesterone
- Gestrinone
- Hurler syndrome
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Hypertrichosis lanuginosa
- Hypothyroidism
- I-cell disease
- Idiopathic hirsutism
- Insulin resistance syndrome [1]
- Interferon alfa
- Isotretinoin
- Lamotrigine
- Leuprolide
- Luteoma
- Methyltestosterone
- Miller-Dieker syndrome
- Mycophenolate
- Nodulosis-arthropathy-osteolysis syndrome
- Olanzapine
- Ovarian cancer
- Ovarian hyperthecosis [3]
- Ovarian tumor
- Oxandrolone
- Oxymetholone
- Paroxetine
- Phenytoin
- Pituitary tumor
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Porphyria cutanea tarda
- Prednisolone
- Pregabalin
- Progestin
- Selegiline
- Insulin resistance syndrome
- Stein-Leventhal syndrome
- Tacrolimus
- Testicular tumor
- Testosterone
- Tiagabine
- Trazodone
- Turner syndrome
- Valproic acid
- Vasodilators
- Venlafaxine
- Zonisamide
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Klotz RK, Müller-Holzner E, Fessler S, Reimer DU, Zervomanolakis I, Seeber B; et al. (2010). "Leydig-cell-tumor of the ovary that responded to GnRH-analogue administration - case report and review of the literature". Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 118 (5): 291–7. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1225351. PMID 20198556.
- ↑ Azziz R, Sanchez LA, Knochenhauer ES, Moran C, Lazenby J, Stephens KC, Taylor K, Boots LR (2004). "Androgen excess in women: experience with over 1000 consecutive patients". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 (2): 453–62. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031122. PMID 14764747.
- ↑ Goldman JM, Kapadia LJ (1991). "Virilization in a postmenopausal woman due to ovarian stromal hyperthecosis". Postgrad Med J. 67 (785): 304–6. PMC 2399029. PMID 2062784.