Hydrocephalus historical perspective
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
Hydrocephalus Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Hydrocephalus historical perspective On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hydrocephalus historical perspective |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hydrocephalus historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Ahsan Hussain, M.D.[2]
Overview
- The historical prespective of hydrocephalus is given below:[1]
- Hydrocephalus cases were diagnosed by Hippocrates, Galen and Arabian physicians. They believed that the disease was caused by an extracerebral accumulation of water.
- Evacuation of superficial intracranial fluid in hydrocephalic children was first described in detail in the 10th century by Abulkassim Al Zahrawi.
- In 1744, LeCat published findings on a ventricular puncture.
- In 1881, a few years after the landmark study of Key and Retzius, Wernicke inaugurated sterile ventricular puncture and external cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage.
- These were followed in 1891 by serial lumbar punctures (Quincke) and, in 1893, by the first permanent ventriculo-subarachnoid-subgaleal shunt (Mikulicz).
- Ventriculostomy without implants (Anton 1908), with implants, and plexus coagulation initially had a very high operative mortality and were seldom successful in the long term, but gradually improved over the next decades.
- In 1949, Nulsen and Spitz implanted a shunt successfully into the caval vein with a ball valve.
- Between 1955 and 1960, four independent groups invented distal slit, proximal slit, and diaphragm valves almost simultaneously.
- Around 1960, the combined invention of artificial valves and silicone led to a worldwide therapeutic breakthrough.