Hyponatremia primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2]
Overview
In patients at risk of developing hyponatremia, preventing approaches has to be done to eliminate aggravation of hyponatremia.
Primary Prevention
- Hypotonic fluids and thiazide diuretics should be avoided, especially in patients at increased risk for hyponatremia.
- Avoid polypharmacy in elderly, espceially thiazide diuretics and anti-depressants. [1]
- Use isotonic fluids (like 5% dextrose in a solution of 0.9% saline in patients with well controlled congestive heart failure) instead of the common clinical practice of hypotonic fluids as maintenance therapy in elderly hospitalized patients. [1]
- Thiazides should be avoided in persons with high fluid or low protein intake and during acute illness.
- Monitor body weight for runners and encourage to drink water when they are thirsty, and prevent overdrinking during exercise. [2]
- Patients with history of anti-depressant induced hyponatremia may be prescribed bupropion instead of more commonly used drugs. [1]
- Early sodium supplementation of enteral feedings in very premature infants averts hyponatremia and enhances weight gain. [3]
To see the risk factors associated with hyponatremia, click here.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Filippatos TD, Makri A, Elisaf MS, Liamis G (2017). "Hyponatremia in the elderly: challenges and solutions". Clin Interv Aging. 12: 1957–1965. doi:10.2147/CIA.S138535. PMC 5694198. PMID 29180859.
- ↑ Hew-Butler T (2019). "Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia". Front Horm Res. 52: 178–189. doi:10.1159/000493247. PMID 32097926 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Isemann, Barbara; Mueller, Eric W.; Narendran, Vivek; Akinbi, Henry (2014). "Impact of Early Sodium Supplementation on Hyponatremia and Growth in Premature Infants". Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 40 (3): 342–349. doi:10.1177/0148607114558303. ISSN 0148-6071.